1. Chapter 13, Henretta EXPANSION, WAR AND SECTIONAL CRISIS, 1844-1860

2. Important strands in Chapter 13
Land Hunger vs. The Delicate Balance, Part I: Gains Americans North and South continue to be hungry to expand west, running over whoever is in their way; they know it will be bad for them in the end – upsetting the balance of free and slave states – but they do it anyway.
Manifest Destiny (man·i·fest, adj. readily perceived or easily understood; obvious, apparent.)
Oregon, California and Texas
Polk’s Expansionist Presidency ( )
The Mexican War
What’s next? More of Mexico? Cuba? Nicaragua?
The Native Americans in the Middle For now, the Great Plains are left to Native Americans, with only traders and wagon trains crossing them.

3. Important strands in Chapter 13
Land Hunger vs. The Delicate Balance, Part II: Losses After adding enormous new territories comes the divisive free-slave fight over how to incorporate them into the Union.
The Wilmot Proviso and the Free Soil Movement: what do we do with Mexican lands?
The Compromise of 1850: what to do with gold-rich California?
Kansas-Nebraska Act: balance didn’t work; what about “popular sovereignty”?
The Breakdown of the Political System
resistance to the Fugitive Slave Act
popular sovereignty in action: Bleeding Kansas
John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry
old political parties collapse; new parties form
ineffective presidents & irritating court decisions

4. Important strands in Chapter 13
Abraham Lincoln & Secession In a bitter four-way election – in which the ultimate winner wasn’t even on the ballot in 10 southern states – “moderate” Abraham Lincoln is elected president with 40 percent of the vote.
Lincoln’s policy: containment the president vows to keep slavery from expanding any farther – a once radical idea
The South’s policy: secession before he can take office, seven states have left the Union, with six more to follow

5. U.S. naval commander of Pacific Squadron
Captured Monterey, capital of Mexican California, on Oct. 19, 1842.
Thomas ap Catesby Jones

6. U.S. naval commander of Pacific Squadron
Captured Monterey, capital of Mexican California, on Oct. 19, 1842.
Informed that the U.S. and Mexico were not at war, handed it back on Oct. 20, 1842, saluting the Mexican flag as he left.
Thomas ap Catesby Jones

7. Unit 2 Test Review SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

8. “If I had five minutes in which to solve a problem, I would spend three deciding the best way to do it.”
George S. Morison, engineer of bridges and the Panama Canal

9. In other words: THINK & CHOOSE … for a long time, with your pencil down … before you WRITE.
George S. Morison, engineer of bridges and the Panama Canal