1. Genetics Vocabulary

2. Mendel Carried out first important studies of heredity. He discovered:
Inherited characteristics are traits using pea plants

3. Genetics Today-genetics

4. DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid- DNA Molecule that stores information
Blueprint of how your cells need to grow, divide, and function.
1950’s- Great race to discover DNA
DNA- described by Francis Crick and James Watson.
Images of DNA- Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins.

5. Chromosome
A structure in the nucleus that contains your genetic information (DNA)
Genes reside on your chromosomes
Explore:Chromosome

6. Gene Physical and functional unit of heredity Specific segment of DNA
Explores:Genes

7. Allele An alternative form of a gene.
You receive one allele from each of your parents.
Interact in a dominant or recessive manner

8. Heredity Passing of traits from parents to offspring
Inheritance of traits
Explore:
Heredity- Tutorial
Inheritance video-

9. Trait A trait is a unique feature or quality in a person.
Traits are passed down through generations
Exploring traits: Traits Tutorial
Traits Video:

10. Dominant trait
An allele that is always observed even when other alleles are present.
Represented by a CAPITAL LETTER RR

11. Recessive Trait
Recessive alleles are only observed when two recessive alleles are present.
Represented by lower case letters rr

12. Heterozygous Organism has two different alleles for a particular gene.Aa

13. Homozygous
When an organism has two identical alleles of a particular gene.
aa or AA

14. Recessive
Describing a genetic trait that is not expressed in heterozygotes Aa Tt

15. Phenotype vs. Genotype
Phenotype- the physical characteristic or trait you observe
Eye color
Widows peak
Genotype- is the gene located on the chromosome that codes for the trait or phenotype

16. Homozygous vs. heterozygous
Different alleles
Has 1 dominant and 1 recessive allele in the genotype
Rr, Aa, Cc.
Homozygous
Same alleles
RR, rr, AA or aa