1. Laboratory Safety

2. Chemistry is a laboratory science
Chemistry is a laboratory science. As part of your laboratory experience you will be required to handle many chemical substances, some of which may pose a health risk. It is your responsibility to always follow the proper procedures and guidelines for handling these chemicals

3. You and your parents must agree to and sign the safety contract in order to participate in lab activities.
Failure to comply with safety guidelines may result in your removal from the class and loss of credit for the work that is done in your absence.

4. Conduct in the Chemistry Lab
Food and drink are strictly prohibited in the laboratory.
When first entering the room, do not touch any chemicals or equipment until you are instructed to do so.
No unauthorized experiments are to be performed. If you are curious about trying a procedure not
covered in the experimental procedure consult with your instructor.

5. Conduct in the Chemistry Lab
Coats, backpacks, etc., should not be left on the lab benches and stools. Be aware that lab chemicals can destroy personal possessions.
Always wash your hands before leaving lab.

6. Conduct in the Chemistry Lab
No matter how small the accident may seem, always notify the instructor immediately in case of an accident. This includes cuts, scrapes, burns, and any kind of broken glass.
Learn where the safety and first aid equipment is located and how to use them.

7. Safety Equipment Eyewash Station: __________ Safety Shower: __________
Please note the location and proper
use of the following lab safety
equipment:
Eyewash Station: __________
Safety Shower: __________
Fire Safety Blanket:__________

8. Safety Equipment Fire Extinguisher: __________
Please note the location and proper use of the following lab safety equipment:
Fire Extinguisher: __________
First Aid Kit: __________
Fume Hood: __________

9. How to use a Fire Extinguisher (PASS)
PULL the pin: some extinguishers require releasing a lock latch, pressing a puncture lever, or taking another first step.
AIM low: point the extinguisher nozzle (or its or hose) at the base of the fire.
SQUEEZE the handle: This releases the extinguishing agent.
SWEEP from side to side: Keep the extinguisher aimed at the base of the
fire and sweep back and forth until it
appears to be out..

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How to Dress for Lab
You must wear the safety goggles provided by the chemistry department. at all times while in the lab. This rule must be followed whether you are working on an experiment or simply writing in your lab notebook.
Contact lenses are not recommended. Chemicals can accumulate under the lenses and cause serious injuries or blindness. Please note that if the eye wash is used and you are wearing contact lenses, you will lose your contacts.
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11. How to Dress for Lab
Closed toed shoes and long pants are suggested. Sandals and short are discouraged.
Long hair must be tied back when using Bunsen burners.

12. Proper Handling of Chemicals and Equipment
Consider all chemicals to be hazardous unless you are instructed otherwise. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are available in lab for all chemicals which are in use. These will inform you of any hazards and precautions of which you should be aware.
Know the chemicals you are using. Carefully read the label twice before taking anything from the bottle. Chemicals in the lab are marked with a National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA) hazardous materials diamond labels Learn how to interpret these labels.

13. Proper Handling of Chemicals and Equipment
Excess reagents are never to be returned to stock bottles. If you take too much, dispose of the excess as instructed.
Many common reagents, such as alcohols and acetone, are highly flammable. Do not use them anywhere near open flames.

14. Proper Handling of Chemicals and Equipment
If chemicals come into contact with your skin or eyes, flush immediately with copious amounts of water and consult your instructor.
Never directly smell the source of any vapor or gas; instead by means of a cupped hand, waft a small sample to your nose. Do not inhale these vapors, but only take in enough to detect if an odor exists.
Never point a test tube or any vessel that you are heating at yourself or a neighbor it may erupt like a geyser.

15. Proper Handling of Chemicals and Equipment
Dispose of chemicals properly. Waste containers will be provided and their use will be explained. Unless you are told explicitly told otherwise, assume that only water may be put in the lab sinks.
Clean up all broken glassware immediately and dispose of the broken glass properly.
Never leave burners unattended. Turn them off whenever you leave your workstation. Be sure that the gas is shut off at the bench rack when you leave the lab.
Beware of hot glass- it looks exactly like cold glass.

16. Four Ways Chemicals Can Enter Your Body
Inhalation: Chemicals can be inhaled in the form of dusts, fumes, vapors, gasses, or aerosols. Examples: Asbestos dust, paint vapor, carbon monoxide gas
Ingestion: Chemicals can be ingested by eating or drinking hazardous chemicals or by touching your mouth with contaminated hands. 
Absorption: Chemicals can be absorbed directly through the skin.  Examples: Acetone, Mustard Gas
Injection: Chemicals can be injected via a needle stick, or by being punctured with any other type of “sharp” which has been contaminated.

17. Two Kinds of Chemical Exposure
Acute Exposure: This type of exposure is a single, brief exposure, and the effects are immediate. Effects can range from mild irritation to death. Generally speaking, if it doesn’t kill you, you will recover completely.
Chronic Exposure: This type of exposure is persistent, prolonged, and repeated. Usually by the time you recognize the symptoms of an adverse effect it is too late; you already have some type of permanent systemic damage.

18. Safety Symbols to Know
Flammable – Any substance that will burn if exposed to an open flame.
Explosive – A substance that may explode if exposed to heat or flame.
Toxic/Poison – A substance that can lead to death if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed by the skin.

19. Safety Symbols to Know
Corrosive – A substance that can destroy or burn living tissue and can eat away at other materials.
Radioactive – A substance that emits radioactive particles.
Irritants –Substances that are noxious or irritating.

20. Hazard Diagram
NFPA Diamond: This is the labeling system used by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). This label utilizes a diamond divided into four smaller diamonds, which represent specific hazards.

21. Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
A MSDS is a document prepared by a chemical manufacturer describing the potential hazards, physical properties, and the procedures for safe use of a chemical substance. It is intended to tell what the hazards of the substance are, how to use the substance safely, what to expect if the recommendations are not followed, what to do if accidents occur, how to recognize symptoms of overexposure, and what to do if such incidents occur.