1. Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions

2. Key points (what your kiddos REALLY need to understand!)
We cannot consider surface water without thinking about groundwater
Groundwater and surface water do not flow the same way
Interactions between groundwater and surface water may “shift” as a result of other factors

3. Applicable standards (see handout)
SPIRAL

4. Water cycle, USGS

5. “Surface water bodies are hydraulically connected to groundwater in most types of landscapes; as a result, surface water bodies are integral parts of ground water flow systems.”
-From Proceedings of the Ground-water/Surface-Water Interactions Workshop

6. Close to the surface…

7. Driven by hydraulic head
Surface Water
Groundwater
Driven by gravity
Driven by hydraulic head

8. What drives groundwater flow? Hydraulic head!
SHOW VIDEO!
Cross section from the USGS
What drives groundwater flow? Hydraulic head!
- Gravity: water moves from higher to lower elevations
- Pressure: water moves from high to low pressure
What drives groundwater flow?
- Gravity: water moves from higher to lower elevations
- Pressure: water moves from high to low pressure

9. Video in the Ogallala Aquifer map

10. How does groundwater pumping affect surface water?
Factors affecting stream depletion:
Degree of connectedness
Distance
Rate of pumping
Physical characteristics

11. Groundwater pollution – surface water pollution