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Chapter 5 Section 2 Patterns of Behavior
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Animals use: sounds, scents, body movements
Communication Animals use: sounds, scents, body movements Pheromone – chemical released by one animal that affects the behavior of another animal
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Competitive Behavior Animals compete with one another for limited resources, such as food, water, space, shelter, and mates
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Showing Aggression Aggression is a threatening behavior that 1 animal uses to gain control over another. Aggression between members of the same species hardly ever results in the injury or death of any competitors
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Establishing A Territory
Territory – area that is occupied and defended by an animal or group of animals By establishing a territory, an animal protects its access to resources such as food, mates, and a safe area
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Attracting A Mate Courtship Behavior – behavior in which males and females of the same species prepare for mating. Ensures that the males and females recognize one another, so that the mating process can occur.
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Living in groups enables animals to cooperate and survive
Group Behavior Living in groups enables animals to cooperate and survive
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Living in groups protects animals against predators
Safety In Groups Living in groups protects animals against predators Animals in a group sometimes cooperate in fighting off a predator
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Animal Societies Societies – is a group of closely related animals of the same species that work together in a highly organized way There is a division of labor – different individuals perform different tasks Examples: ants, termites, honeybees, pistol shrimp
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Cyclic behaviors usually change the course of a day or a season.
Behavior Cycles Cyclic behaviors usually change the course of a day or a season. These occur in regular, predictable patterns
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Circadian Rhythms – behavior cycles that occur over a day
Daily Cycles Circadian Rhythms – behavior cycles that occur over a day Example: Blowflies search for food during the day and rest at night
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Hibernation Some behavior cycles are related to seasons
Hibernation is a state of greatly reduced body activity that occurs during the winter when food is scarce. During hibernation: breathing and heartbeat slows down Bodies use stored fat to meet their needs
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Migration Migration is the regular, seasonal journey of an animal from 1 place to another and back again. Animals usually migrate to an area that provides a lot of food or a good environment for reproduction. Animals use sight, taste, and other senses including some that humans do not have
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