1. Road Accidents –2011 Issues & Dimensions Ministry of Road Transport & Highways

2. Road Accidents : A Snapshot
Emergence of Road Traffic Injuries (RTIs) a leading cause of Deaths & Disabilities
India : 2011
Accidents 4.97 lakh (annual) (1 every minute)
Deaths 1,42,485
(one death every 3.7 minutes)
Accidents impose significant costs
3% GDP for India ( )
1% GNP for low income countries
1.5 % GNP for middle income countries
2% GNP for high income countries
Was 9th leading cause of death in 2004 and expected to be 5th leading cause of death by 2030 world wide.

3. Number of Accidents and Number of Persons Involved: 2002 to 2011
Number of Accidents and Number of Persons Involved: 2002 to 2011
Year
Number of Accidents
Number of Persons
Accident
Severity*
Total
Fatal
Killed
Injured
2002
4,07,497
73,650 (18.1)
84,674
4,08,711
20.8
2003
4,06,726
73,589 (18.1)
85,998
4,35,122
21.1
2004
4,29,910
79,357 (18.5)
92,618
4,64,521
21.5
2005
4,39,255
83,491 (19.0)
94,968
4,65,282
21.6
2006
4,60,920
93,917 (20.4)
1,05,749
4,96,481
22.9
2007
4,79,216
1,01,161 (21.1)
1,14,444
5,13,340
23.9
2008
4,84,704
1,06,591 (22.0)
1,19,860
5,23,193
24.7
2009
4,86,384
1,10,993 (22.8)
1,25,660
5,15,458
25.8
2010
4,99,628
1,19,558 (23.9)
1,34,513
5,27,512
26.9
2011
4,97,686
1,21,618 (24.4)
1,42,485
5,11,394
28.6
* Accident Severity : No. of Persons Killed per 100 Accidents

4. India: Incidence of Road Accidents
Rise in number of accidents, injuries & deaths per lakh of population
Reflects rise in motor vehicle population, increase in duration & number of travel trips with rise in income
Sharp decline in number of accidents, injuries, & deaths per 10,000 vehicles
Reflects improved crash worthiness vehicles & occupant protection better enforcement
Rise in number of accidents, injuries & deaths per 10,000 km
Reflects higher exposure to risk due to heterogeneous nature of traffic, lack of traffic separation etc.

5. Chart 1: Number of Road Accidents, Number of Persons Killed and Number of Persons Injured Per Lakh Population: 1970 – 2011

6. Chart 2: Number of Road Accidents, Number of Persons Killed and Number of Persons Injured Per Ten Thousand Vehicles: 1970 – 2011

7. Chart 3: Number of Road Accidents, Number of Persons Killed and Number of Persons Injured Per Ten Thousand Kilometres of Road Length: 1970 – 2011

8. Accident Scenario: 2010-2011 1 Uttar Pradesh 15,175 21,512 28,362
Sl. No.
States/UTs
Numberof Persons Killed in Road Accidents
Number of Road Accidents
Numberof Persons Injured in Road Accidents
2010
2011 1
Uttar Pradesh
15,175
21,512
28,362
29,285
20,113
15,513 2
Tamil Nadu
15,409
15,422
64,996
65,873
75,445
74,245 3
Andhra Pradesh
15,684
15,165
44,599
44,165
53,928
55,583 4
Maharashtra
12,340
13,057
71,289
68,438
46,985
45,628 5
Rajasthan
9,163
9,232
24,302
23,245
31,033
28,666 6
Karnataka
9,590
8,971
46,250
44,731
61,774
59,591 7
Gujarat
7,506
8,008
30,114
30,205
32,449
29,744 8
Madhya Pradesh
8,085
7,869
50,023
49,406
56,897
55,545 9
West Bengal
5,680
5,664
14,888
14,945
15,760
14,962 10
Bihar
5,137
5,090
11,033
10,673
8,106
7,083 11
Punjab
3,542
4,931
5,507
6,513
4,071
4,081 12
Haryana
4,719
4,762
11,195
11,128
9,905
9,727 13
Kerala
3,950
4,145
35,082
35,216
41,473
41,379 14
Odisha
3,837
3,802
9,413
9,398
11,399
11,248 15
Chhattisgarh
2,956
2,983
13,664
14,108
13,599
13,929 16
Jharkhand
2,540
2,572
5,521
5,451
4,872
4,811 17
Assam
2,256
2,342
5,828
6,569
7,579
6,505 18
Delhi
2,153
2,065
7,260
7,281
7,108
7,226 19
Jammu & Kashmir
1,045
1,116
6,134
6,655
8,726
10,012 20
Himachal Pradesh
1,102
1,072
3,069
3,099
5,325
5,462

9. Andaman & Nicobar Islands 17 285 234 373 298 Lakshadweep 4 5 Total
Sl. No.
States/UTs
Numberof Persons Killed in Road Accidents
Number of Road Accidents
Numberof Persons Injured in Road Accidents
2010
2011 21
Uttarakhand
931
937
1,493
1,508
1,656
1,712 22
Goa
327
333
4,572
4,560
2,709
2,318 23
Tripura
231
245
901
834
1,269
1,030 24
Puducherry
239
233
1,529
1,480
1,505
1,689 25
Meghalaya
163
212
474
599
461
591 26
Manipur
154
158
602
692
1,132
1,118 27
Chandigarh
138
136
456
437
415
370 28
Arunachal Pradesh
148
126
293
263
491
438 29
Sikkim 71
106
186
406
399
321 30
Mizoram 82 81
125 97
252
215 31
Dadra & Nagar Haveli 62 63 96
103
134
210 32
Daman & Diu 33 48 50 43 37
Nagaland 40 35 39
121
107 34
Andaman & Nicobar Islands 17
285
234
373
298
Lakshadweep 4 5
Total
134,513
142,485
499,628
497,686
527,512
511,394

14. Number of Accidents, Persons Killed & Injured as per Road Classification (2011)
National
Highways
State
Other
Roads
No. of Accidents
149,732
(30.1)
122,239
(24.6)
225,715
(45.3)
No. of Persons Killed
52,924
(37.1)
39,033
(27.4)
50,528
(35.5)
No. of Persons Injured
156,008
(30.5)
133,435
(26.1)
221,951
(43.4)
Note: Figures within parentheses indicate share in total accidents, killed and injured in the respective road categories.

17. Road Safety (RS) Coordination: Lack of Institutional Mechanism both at Centre & States
RS multidimensional and multi-sectoral in nature
Existence of large number of agencies at the Central and State level makes coordination a challenging task
- MORTH administers the MV Act but its enforcement is with States
- Road building/engineering with DG(Roads) and NHAI but building codes/manual with IRCC
- vehicle testing/engineering with M/o Heavy Industry
- emergency/trauma care with M/o Health
- RS awareness/education with MORTH
- weak institutional capacity for RS in MORTH
NRSC presently serves as a recommendatory policy making body. 17

18. Road Safety: Issues for consideration at State Level
Institutional mechanism at State level
- State Road Safety Council-recommendatory
Road Safety Act (e.g. Kerala)
- Similar enactments by other States
- Road Safety Fund & its allocation
Annual Action Plan for Road Safety
- Funding and monitoring
Road Accident Data Management
- APRAD or any other format (RADMS of Tamil Nadu)
Mechanism for enforcement of traffic rules
- State of infrastructure for enforcement
Steps taken to strengthen Road Safety
- Preventing drunken driving and over speeding
- Overloading of commercial vehicles (weigh in motion weigh bridges)
- Use of ISI helmets/seat belts
Use of retro reflective tapes to prevent rear end collisions

19. Road Safety: Issues for consideration-States (Contd.)
Status of “Vahan” & Sarathi”
- State of digitization of legacy data, use for enforcement of penalties, echallans
Road Design & Geometry
- Mechanism to identify and rectify black spots
Traffic calming measures
- Speed breakers vs rumble strips
Driver Training & issue of driving licences
- Status of driver training infrastructure
- Number of driver training institutes (DTIs)
- Accreditation & monitoring of DTIs
- System of testing driving skills: objective vs subjective
System of Inspection & Certification of in use vehicles
- Visual or objective
- Road map for ushering 100% objective fitness
Road Safety Awareness Programme
- Content, medium and target groups: mass media for road user behaviour
Emergency medical care for accident victims
- State of relief infrastructure (ambulances, crash rescue vehicles)
- Existence of dedicated call numbers, monitoring average response time
- Funding of o&m for accident relief system

20. Steps taken by Central Government to improve road safety
National Road Safety Policy approved.
National Road Safety Council constituted.
All States/UTs requested to set up State Road Safety Councils and District Road Safety Committees.
Adoption of a multi pronged strategy to address the issue of road safety based on 4 Es of Road Safety:
(i) Education
(ii) Enforcement
(iii) Engineering (roads as well as vehicles)
(iv) Emergency care.

21. Multi-Pronged Strategy to improve Road Safety: Steps envisaged
13th meeting of NRSC ( held in Feb.2012) discussed the following measures to improve road safety:
Setting up of State Road Safety Councils and District Committees,
Setting up of Road Safety Fund at State level and setting aside 50 per cent fines collected for traffic violations for this fund,
Replication of Tamil Nadu model for implementation of Road Accident Data Management System (RADMS),
Identification of black spots and treatment thereof,
Action against over-loading, action against drunken driving and removal of liquor shops on NHs,

22. Multi-Pronged Strategy to Road Safety (Contd.)
Enforcement of use of seat belt by & ISI helmets by 2 wheelers;
Developing emergency medical services by having a 24X7 call centre with a dedicated common telephone number;
Road accident crash investigation,
Conspicuity of non-transport vehicles during night time by fixing reflective tapes,
Accreditation of IDTRs/DTIs for issuing of permanent driving licenses,
Compulsory training before issuance of permanent driving license for commercial vehicle drivers
Improvement of Vahan & Sarathi software to capture legacy data, traffic violations,detection of fake licences;
Put in place objective & mandatory system of vehicle fitness through accredited I&C Centres subject to audit.

23. Other Road Safety Initiatives by MoRTH
MoRTH has notified 192 National Highways Administrators (NHAs) under the National Highway (Land & Traffic) Act 2002
NHAs vested with statutory powers to regulate traffic and prevention of damage to NHs by vehicles
NHAs to function as nodal officers for monitoring road safety measures
Constitution of Task Force to address various issues on road safety.
Task Force to advise MoRTH with concrete suggestions so as to substantially improve road safety.
2 meetings of the Task Force held so far
Launching of a new trauma care course for doctors and paramedics.
210 persons imparted training at SIMS during the current year.

24. Identification & Rectification of Black Spots
Top black spots identified by 16 States:
Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Nagaland, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal
Of these States, 13 States account for more than 90% of road accident fatalities.
Rectification of black spots during

25. Workshops on Road Accidents Data
Conducted by Transport Research Wing
Objectives:
To ensure accurate and comprehensive data on road accidents.
To ensure timely release of data on road accidents.
Participants: Police personnel involved in collection/ consolidation/ reporting of road accident data
5 workshops in Delhi, attended by 22 States/UTs: 30th June 2011 to 8th July 2011:
Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Kerala, Manipur, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Chandigarh, Delhi, Puducherry
11 State/district level workshops: 30th July 2011 onwards:
Bihar, Chandigarh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand and West Bengal
Training and workshops have helped reduce time lag in compilation and release data from about 2 years to less than 6 months from the close of reference year

26. Enforcement Strengthen penalties/fines (amendment in MVA)
Stringent check of overloading
- Empower police to check overloading
- Mandatory registration of criminal cases in overloading
Ensure use of road safety devices (helmets, belts, etc.)
Heavy penalty for drunken driving
- conviction under section 185 of MVA should lead to imprisonment and suspension of driving licences
Overcrowded passenger vehicles should culminate in cancellation of permits.
School buses annual fitness checks to be mandatory.

27. Emergency Medical Services
Need for a National Accident Relief Policy to ensure:
- prompt relief
- free trauma care
- training of-police, teachers, paramedics etc
Unified Free National Medical Distress Call Number
Monitoring and periodic audit of Accident Relief Services
Provide crash rescue vehicles.

28. Driver Training
Vital for success of road safety as 78% of road accidents caused by drivers fault
Present driver training infrastructure inadequate
MORTH provides financial assistance for IDTR
- 13 such institutes were set up during 10th Plan and 9 in the 11th Plan
- setting up more IDTR proposed in XII FYP
- viable option to set up such institutes under PPP mode
Make issue of driving licence objective/non discretionary

29. Road Design/Vehicle Fitness
Make road design standards and guidelines consistent with safety requirements & international best practices.
All State/National Highways to carry pavement markings and road signs as per IRC standards
Institutionalize courses for RS Auditors
- Certification courses for RS Auditors
Subject entire network of NH/SH to RSA
Accident investigation
- streamline data collection through GPS/computer interface
- need for road accident reconstruction/investigation.
Introduce mandatory Inspection & Certification (I&C) for all categories of vehicles in use in a phased manner

30. Road Accident Data Management System, Tamil Nadu
Introduced by Tamil Nadu Government under the aegis of World Bank
a comprehensive traffic-management system
RADMS software w.e.f
Create GIS data base
Web based access and data flow
Seamless report generation/plot results on maps
Black Spots identification and analysis

31. Institutional Mechanism in Tamil Nadu to address Road Safety issues
The Government of Tamil Nadu has constituted a 19-Member Apex Body known as State Road Safety Council under Section 215 of MVA
Members include Minister of Transport, Departments of Transport, Finance, Home, Highways, Municipal Administration, Police and Medical Service.
Similarly, under MVA District Road Safety Councils (13 members) have been constituted in each district
Members include District Collector, Departments of Police, SRTU, Highways, Municipality, NGOs.

32. Thank you