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Chapter 4 Tissues and Membranes.

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 4 Tissues and Membranes."— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 4 Tissues and Membranes

2 Tissues Tissues are groups of cells Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue Muscle tissue Nervous tissue

3 Epithelial Tissue - Covering and Lining
Squamous epithelial cells Cuboidal epithelial cells Columnar epithelial cells

4 Epithelial Tissue - Glandular and Secretory
Endocrine gland cells Exocrine gland cells

5 Connective Tissue - Adipose
Stores lipid Acts as filler tissue Cushions, supports, and insulates the body

6 Connective Tissue - Areolar (Loose)
Elastin tissue Collagen

7 Connective Tissue - Dense Fibrous
Ligaments Tendons Aponeuroses Fasciae

8 Connective Tissue - Supportive
Osseous (bone) tissue Cartilage Hyaline Fibrocartilage Elastic cartilage

9 Connective Tissue - Vascular (Liquid Blood Tissue)
Lymph

10 Muscle Tissue Cardiac Skeletal (striated voluntary)
Smooth (nonstriated involuntary)

11 Nervous Tissue Irritability Conductivity

12 Effects of Aging on Tissue
Cells become larger and less able to divide and reproduce Increase in pigments and lipids inside cells Waste products accumulate in the tissue Cell membranes change and carbon dioxide and wastes have difficulty getting out

13 Effects of Aging on Tissue
Lipofusion collects Connective tissue becomes progressively stiff Increased difficulty receiving oxygen and nutrients Many tissues lose mass and atrophy

14 Membranes Two thin layers of tissue together form a membrane
Epithelial membranes Connective membranes

15 Epithelial Membranes Mucous membranes Respiratory mucosa
Gastric mucosa Intestinal mucosa

16 Epithelial Membranes Serous membranes (parietal and visceral)
Pleural membrane Pericardial membrane Peritoneal membrane Cutaneous membranes

17 Epithelial Membranes © 2014 Cengage Learning.

18 Connective Membranes Synovial membrane Lines joint cavities
Two layers of connective tissue Lines joint cavities Secretes synovial fluid, which prevents friction inside the joint cavity

19 Organs An organ is tissues grouped together to form a specific function Organs coordinate their activities to form a complete functional organism Organ system Group of organs that acts together to perform a specific, related function

20 Organ Systems Skeletal Muscular Digestive Respiratory Circulatory

21 Organ Systems Excretory Nervous Endocrine Reproductive Integumentary

22 Tissue and Organ Transplant
Blood transfusions are an example of a tissue transplant All transplants (tissue and organs) must be cross-matched so recipient’s immune system will not attack the donated organ Rejection is main problem in organ transplants

23 Disease and Injury to Tissue
Infection Inflammation Trauma Abnormal growth of cells Birth defects

24 Tissue Repair Primary repair Secondary repair

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