1. Systems Software Keywords Utilities and Backups
Utility Program, Operating System, Defragmentation, Compression, Lossy, Lossless, Encryption, Backup, Incremental, Full
Systems Software
Utilities and Backups

2. Task To compress a file – means to reduce the size of the file.
Objectives
BEGINNER: Understand the need for Utility Software.
ADVANCED:
Describe the purpose of Encryption Software, Defragmentation and Data Compression.
EXPERT:
Explain how full and incremental backups work.
To compress a file – means to reduce the size of the file.
Can you reduce the number of characters that the following message takes up:
“Hello my friend, we have just arrived in a very sunny and hot Spain. I could not wait to get into the pool and cool off. I am still laughing a lot at the previous text message that you sent to me this morning”
Starter activity

3. Task Can you define these terms? Objectives 1. Utility Software
BEGINNER: Understand the need for Utility Software.
ADVANCED:
Describe the purpose of Encryption Software, Defragmentation and Data Compression.
EXPERT:
Explain how full and incremental backups work.
Can you define these terms?
1. Utility Software
2. Utility Programs
3. Compression
4. Defragmentation Software
5. Encryption Software
Starter activity

4. Definitions Utility Software Objectives
BEGINNER: Understand the need for Utility Software.
ADVANCED:
Describe the purpose of Encryption Software, Defragmentation and Data Compression.
EXPERT:
Explain how full and incremental backups work.
Utility Software
Utility programs are designed to do just one or two tasks
Utility software interacts with the computers hardware
E.g. the Disk Drive,
Utility programs are inbuilt in to the Operating System
Utility Programs
File Compression
Disk Defragmentation
File Repair
Disk Copying
Disk Formatting
Disk Backup / Restore
Anti-Virus
Starter activity

5. Definitions Compression Objectives Defragmentation Software
BEGINNER: Understand the need for Utility Software.
ADVANCED:
Describe the purpose of Encryption Software, Defragmentation and Data Compression.
EXPERT:
Explain how full and incremental backups work.
Compression
Reducing the size of the file by performing an algorithm on the original data
Lossless - The original file can be re-created as no data is lost
Lossy - Some of the original data is lost and the original file can not be re-created
Defragmentation Software
When a hard disk drive is new – files get added onto the disk in order – very much like starting with a blank piece of paper and adding to it
As files are deleted – this leaves gaps
When new files are saved – the files fill the gaps and become fragmented
Defragmentation software groups fragmented files back together
Starter activity

6. Definitions Encryption Software Objectives 1. What is a backup?
BEGINNER: Understand the need for Utility Software.
ADVANCED:
Describe the purpose of Encryption Software, Defragmentation and Data Compression.
EXPERT:
Explain how full and incremental backups work.
Encryption Software
Encryption means to scramble data in a way that it is unreadable to anybody who doesn’t have a key to be able to unscramble this.
Data is encrypted using a key and then decrypted using a key
Data is encrypted so that it is unreadable if anyone is to intercept it
1. What is a backup?
Starter activity
2. What is a full backup?
3. What is an incremental backup?

7. Backups
Objectives
BEGINNER: Understand the need for Utility Software.
ADVANCED:
Describe the purpose of Encryption Software, Defragmentation and Data Compression.
EXPERT:
Explain how full and incremental backups work.
Completed to ensure there is a way of restoring files/data/programs in case of computer failure
Copies of data and/or software are taken regularly and usually stored in a different location
Ensures that if computers are stolen or damaged in for e.g. a fire or a natural disaster that data can be restored and a company do not lose much money
Starter activity

8. Backups FULL INCREMENTAL Objectives A full backup is made initially
BEGINNER: Understand the need for Utility Software.
ADVANCED:
Describe the purpose of Encryption Software, Defragmentation and Data Compression.
EXPERT:
Explain how full and incremental backups work.
FULL
INCREMENTAL
A copy of all data and software on the hard disk drive / server is copied to a backup medium (e.g. an external hard disk drive / DVD-R) and the medium is kept at a different location
Take a long time to complete (usually overnight)
Recovery takes a long time as it restores all data and programs
A full backup is made initially
Each night only the files which have been changed since the last incremental back-up are copied
Much faster to complete that full back-ups
Takes much longer at restoring than a Full Back up as the full back up would need restoring first and then every incremental back-up since the last full back up
Starter activity