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Rhetorical Analysis Essay
Outline
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I. Introduction Introduce your topic or subject of analysis.
Make evident your purpose. Engage your reader. Remember this is primarily an objective analysis.
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II. The Rhetorical Situation
What is the issue? (It may help to state it as a yes-no question, even if the answer is not ultimately yes or no.) What's the context? Who is making the argument? -What are their credentials? - Do any biases seem evident? Who seems to be their targeted audience? What is their MAIN point or thesis? What KIND of argument is being presented? -Is their argument one of policy, evaluation, or substantiation (to strengthen a view)? -This question is linked to another one: what is their purpose? How is the argument structured? What are the argument's assumptions?
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III. The Appeals ETHOS How would you describe the writer's character?
-What sort of PERSON is projected? What are his/her CREDENTIALS? Does this person show GOOD WILL, RESPECT FOR OPPOSING VIEWS, HUMILITY, LIKEABILITY? What is the author's toward his or her material? -What is his or her tone of voice (about the topic and audience)? -How would you describe this person’s style and approach? -What is their way of thinking?
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III. The Appeals LOGOS Describe in detail the work's logos: the argument’s logical reasoning and evidence. What claims are being made in support of the thesis? How are those claims being supported? What KINDS of evidence are presented? -data (facts, statistics, studies) -personal experience (interviews, letters, diaries, memos, field work); -secondary sources (newspapers, magazines, books) -common sense and humor may be a type of "evidence". ***In each case above, provide specific examples***
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III. The Appeals PATHOS What SPECIFIC emotions does the argument evoke? -What is it the writer mostly wants you to feel? Pity? Horror? Fear? Sadness? Joy? Anxiety? Awe? Sympathy? How does the author evoke those emotions? -Positive and negative diction (refers to one specific emotionally charged word that has meaning beyond the text)? -Facts? -Visual effects? -Interviews with victims? -What specific appeals tend to arouse emotion in the piece?
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IV. Opposing Views Does the work acknowledge opposing claims and evidence? -Does it do so fairly and with good will? -Does it do so thoroughly? Does the work refute those opposing claims and evidence? If so, how?
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V. Strengths and Weaknesses
Can you identify any reasoning errors (name calling, avoiding the issue, conflict of interest, etc.)? Try not to spend too much time on this. -a rhetorical analysis is meant to be an examination of an argument—not necessarily an evaluation.
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VI. Conclusion This can be brief, and might actually be folded into version of the intro. -Wrap things up and remember to avoid turning your paper into a summary.
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Tips and Reminders Don’t forget transitions (sequence) between your paragraphs and between segments of your paper. -They help your reader follow your thinking. Edit for clarity and proofread for mechanical errors. Use complex sentences. Use you bookmark for effective verbs.
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