1. The Periodic Table Ch. 6

2. Why is the Periodic Table so important to chemists?

3. Three Classes of Elements
Metals
Nonmetals
metalloids

4. Same number of valence electrons
Groups
Elements in the same group have similar chemical and physical properties
Why??
Same number of valence electrons

5. Families
Columns are also grouped into families
Families may be one column or several
Families have names rather than numbers

6. Hydrogen
A family of its own
Diatomic
Reactive gas

7. Always combined with something else in nature Soft metals
Alkali Metals
Group 1A (No hydrogen)
Very reactive metals
Always combined with something else in nature
Soft metals

8. Alkaline Earth Metals
Group 2A
Reactive metals
Always combined
with nonmetals in nature
Some are important mineral nutrients (Mg and Ca)

9. Less reactive harder metals
Transition Metals
d-Block elements
Less reactive harder metals
Includes metals used in jewelry and construction
Cannot easily predict valence e-

10. Carbon Family
Elements in group 4A
Branch of chemistry based on Carbon
Silicon and Germanium are important semiconductors

11. Halogens Group 7A Reactive Volatile Diatomic (F2,Cl2,Br2,I2) Nonmetals
Always found combined with other elements in nature

12. Unreactive gases (Inert) Have a full valence shell
The Noble Gases
Group 8A
Unreactive gases (Inert)
Have a full valence shell

13. Inner Transition Metals
-Have f orbitals that contain electrons
-Used to be called rare-earth elements
-More abundant than other metals

14. Representative Elements
Groups 1A – 7A