1. China
Unit Review

2. Dynasty
A ruling family

3. Mandate of Heaven
Rule granted by Heaven

4. Dynastic Cycle
Rise and fall of ruling families

5. Oracle Bones
Bones (usually of sheep or goat) placed in a fire in order to predict the future.

6. Confucianism Encourages leading a moral life
Serves as a code of conduct
Believes in the Golden Rule

7. Daoism Legalism Seek harmony with the universe “Being” and “Non-Being”
Ruler has a strict system of rewards and punishments for society because people will not naturally chose good over evil

8. Buddhism 4 Noble truths Life is suffering
Suffering arises from attachment to desires
Suffering ceases when attachment to desire ceases
Freedom from suffering is possible by practicing the Eightfold Path

9. Shi Huangdi The Great Wall- Over 4,000 miles Terra Cotta Army
Founder of the Qin Dynasty

10. Achievement/Inventions of Han
Acupuncture
Sundial
Typhoid fever cure
Seismograph

11. One-Child Policy Enacted to help control overpopulation
Fines for having more than one child
Tax breaks and benefits for having only one child
Supported by some, but not all Chinese
Caused the Gender imbalance in China

12. Civil Service Exams 3 day long exams to become a government official
Knowledge of over 400, 000 Confucian texts
Mud cells
Only 1 % passed

13. Who led the Mongol Conquest?
Genghiz Khan

14. Marco Polo Italian merchant who traveled to China
Lived with Kublai Khan
Wrote a book detailing his travels
Inspired other explorers like Christopher Columbus

15. Silk Road Not an actual road Routes of trade from China to Europe
Merchants wanted Gunpowder, Tea, Porcelain (pottery), Paper and Silk
Important because it brought western ideas into China

16. Ming Dynasty (major mistake)
Isolated China at a time Europe was enhancing technology and expanding

17. Opium War
Britain sold opium to China- people became addicted thus diminishing the silver supply
Britain soon defeated China due to a lack of technology in weapons.
Treaty of Nanjing ended Opium War- started the first of many unequal treaties.

18. Treaty of Nanjing Ended Opium Wars China has to open ports to Britain
Britain got Hong Kong
Chinese Emperor has to pay for destroyed opium

19. Taiping Rebellion
Peasant uprising
Goal= technology
20 million killed

20. Boxer Rebellion Wanted: Removal of all foreigners
Removal of all Chinese Christians
Return to ideals established in Confucianism

21. Sun Yatsen First leader of Republic of China
Established Three Principles of the People as basis for government

22. Three Principles of the People
Nationalism – China united and free of foreign influence
Democracy – A government ruled by the people
Livelihood – The right of all Chinese Citizens to make a living

23. Long March Nationalists forced communists over 6, 000 miles
7,000 out of 90,000 survived

24. Mao Zedong
Leader of Chinese Communist Party and eventually China

25. Chiang Kai-Shek Leader of nationalists
Forced Mao and communists on the Long March

26. Kowtow
To bow low

27. Open Door Policy
Attempt by U.S. to give all nations equal access to China

28. The practice and theory of communism in china
Theory-create a classless society
Practice-government officials became the elite

29. April 12th Incident
Chiang Kai-Shek attempts to kill or imprison Communist leaders to gain control of the country.
Also called the Shanghi Massacre

30. Appeals of communism End government oppression
Dictatorship of the people
Land reforms
Denounce imperialism
industrialization

31. Totalitarian State
Government control all aspects of people’s lives through a single party dictatorship

32. Country that supported Mao’s Revolution in 1917
Russia

33. Mao’s Constitution People’s National Congress
Protection for Democratic Rights
Free Elections

34. Propaganda
Spread of ideas to promote a cause or damage an opposing cause
Mao-posters, school children

35. Liu Xaiobo Won the Nobel Prize Wants free speech in China
Opposed by the Chinese Government
Currently serving an 11-year jail term

36. Tiananmen Square Chinese military shot unarmed protestors
200-2,000 killed
Tank man photograph
China doesn’t talk about it