1. Psychotherapy
Psychotherapy – An emotionally charged, confiding interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties
Psychotherapy integration - Most psychotherapists generally believe that disorders are an interplay of bio-psycho-social influences. Psychotherapists use a blend of therapies or an eclectic approach

2. Psychoanalytic Approach
Psychoanalysis – Patient’s free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences – and therapists interpretation of them – release previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight
Use has declined in recent years
Resistance – Blocking from consciousness of anxiety laden material
Transference – Redirecting feelings from one person to another (sometimes the therapist)

3. Humanist Therapy Person-Centered (non-directive therapy)
Carl Rogers
Active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathetic environment to facilitate clients’ growth
Increase self-acceptance
Active Listening
Empathetic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies

4. Behavior Therapy
Applies learning principles to eliminate unwanted behaviors
Counter-conditioning
Procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors
Based on classical conditioning
Systematic desensitization and aversive conditioning

5. Behavior Therapy Systematic Desensitization
Type of counter-conditioning or exposure therapy
Associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli
Commonly used to treat phobias

6. Systematic desensitization is taken in small steps.

7. Behavior Therapy
Flooding is one form of aggressive exposure therapy that forces the confrontation with the feared stimuli

8. Behavior Therapy Aversive Conditioning
Type of counter-conditioning that associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior
Nausea - alcohol

9. Behavior Therapy Token Economy
Operant conditioning procedure that rewards desired behavior
Patient exchanges a token of some sort, earned for exhibiting the desired behavior, for various privileges or rewards

10. Behavioral Therapy
Virtual Reality technology can be used to help people overcome their fears

11. Cognitive Therapy
Teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting
Based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions

12. Cognitive Behavior Therapy
Alter the self-defeating thinking with efforts to modify behavior
Make people aware of irrational thinking patterns

15. Eclectic Approach

16. Family Therapy
Therapists hope to open up communication within the family and discover new ways of preventing and resolving conflicts
Saves time and money

18. The more specific the problem, the more hope there is.

19. Biomedical Therapies Psychopharmacology Lithium
Study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior
Lithium
Chemical that provides an effective drug therapy for the mood swings of bipolar disorder

20. Antidepressant Drugs
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) Ex: Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil
Most widely prescribed psychiatric drugs

22. Therapy for severely afflicted patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient

23. Biomedical Therapies Psychosurgery Lobotomy
Surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior
Lobotomy
– Now rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients