1. Today’s Goals
Introduce strategies for closed form prose body paragraphs
Discuss ways to integrate source evidence into our writing

2. Class Discussion: Evidence & Body Paragraphs
What kind of evidence did you provide in your body paragraphs?
When providing evidence or examples in the body paragraphs of our essays, how much evidence is enough?
What are the different ways we can use sources responsibly and avoid plagiarism?
What are attributive tags and parenthetical citations?

3. Evidence in writing 3 main types of evidence:
Quotes: Provides greatest ethos, but overusing detracts from the author’s voice
Paraphrase: Keeps writing focused on the author’s perspective, but important words and a bit of ethos may be lost
Summary: Your essay should have a brief summary of the selected source in the introduction
For body paragraphs, one piece of evidence is never enough!
Don’t select any random quote or paraphrase to support your claims; pick the BEST example you can find that represents your evaluation

4. Crediting Sources
3 main ways to give credit to sources (and avoid plagiarism)
Parenthetical citation: also called “in-text citations,” these are usually represented by the author’s last name in parenthesis at the end of the sentence where a piece of source evidence is used, sometimes with the page number or date of publication (depending on format).
Ex: (Smith 57)
Attributive tag: Give credit to the author/source by naming them in the sentence. This gives increased ethos while simultaneously avoiding plagiarism.
Ex: According to Dr. Miles from Harvard University, . . .
Works Cited page: also called references or bibliography, this lists detailed information about all of the sources used in the essay. The in-text citations and attributive tags give the minimal amount of information necessary to find the source on the works cited page
Ex: Smith, Jones. “How Baby Boomers Ruined the Economy and the World.” Time Magazine, 7.5 (2015). Print.

5. Closed form prose Introduction- Body Conclusion Hook Thesis
Forecasting
Body
Transition
Topic sentence
Evidence
(repeat for several body paragraphs)
Conclusion
Clincher

6. Closed Form Prose: Body Paragraphs
Transition: explains where in the essay the reader is or how th enew paragraph’s ideas are related to the previous one
Ex: “Another example of Raff’s poor rhetoric can be found in the article’s ethos.”
Topic Sentence: Explains directly what the paragraph will be about. These function almost like a “thesis” of the individual paragraph. They are usually located near the beginning of the paragraph after the transition (although both may occur in the same sentence). For our rhetorical analysis essays, you should also mention your evaluation of the specific criteria being discussed in that paragraph.
Ex: “Raff’s poor use of logos in the article is another reason why it fails to persuade its readers.”
Evidence: Each body paragraph should have 2+ examples of the element of rhetoric being evaluated. These will most commonly use quotation and paraphrase. Note: you should select the BEST piece of evidence to support your side, not simply the first example you find.

7. Group Activity: Ways to Use a Source
Read A&B p
In your unit 1 groups
Do “Evaluating Different Ways to Use and Cite a Source:
You should arrange the answers from most effective to least effective and write a few sentences explaining your choices

8. Homework Rhetorical Analysis – Draft 1 250+ words Due Friday 5-26
Printed and brought to class
Should include your whole introduction and the beginning of one body paragraph