1. Early Modern Women from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment
From Witches to Wives…
Early Modern Women from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment

4. Limiting Options Joan Kelly Gadol, “Did Women Have a Renaissance”
Return to classical texts and teaching
Classical Values in the Protestant Reformation
Increasing value of domestic roles

6. 1 Timothy 2:11-12 A woman should learn in silence and full submission
1 Timothy 2:11-12 A woman should learn in silence and full submission.  I permit no woman to teach or to have authority over a man.  She must keep silent.

7. Ephesians 5:22-23, 1 Corinthians 11:8-9 Wives, be submissive to your husbands as to the Lord, since as Christ is head of the Church, so is the husband the head of his wife.  For man did not come from woman, but woman from man.  Neither was man created for the sake of woman, but woman for man.

8. Mary and Eve

9. Witchcraft Persecutions (and Deaths)
Émile Durkheim ( )
anomie

10. Changing Philosophies?
Rene Descartes ( )
New philosophy
Cogito ergo sum
Cartesian dualism
Francois Poullain de la Barre ( )

11. Margaret Cavendish (1661-1717)
Radical Feminism?
Margaret Cavendish ( )
Utopian visions of equality
Equality theoretically possible but culturally unlikely
Mary Astell ( )
Advocated absolute necessity of education for women

12. Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797)
Vindication of the Rights of Women (1792)
Response to J-J Rousseau ( )
Necessity of equal education for men and women ACCORDING TO THEIR CLASS
Advocates co-education

13. Realities… Women barred from most formal avenues of education
Women also often barred from publishing (unless with her husband’s permission)

14. And Yet… Salons