1. Objectives
Students will demonstrate mastery of the formation of stars, planets and galaxies by developing a 3-chapter children’s book. Mastery Level: 70% of students will earn 195/325 point on the Formation of Stars, Planets and Galaxies Children’s Book
Students will become familiar with the patterns of organization in the Periodic Table of Elements by taking notes, analyzing an actual PTE and answering an exit ticket question. Mastery Level: 70% of students can satisfactorily answer the exit ticket question
Students will know how to identify elements based on their electromagnetic radiation light emission by taking notes and answering an exit ticket question. Mastery Level: 70% of students can satisfactorily answer the exit ticket question

2. Homework – COPY!
Each student will research the following information for the first 6 elements (H – C):
The symbol for the element
The atomic number for the element
Group number the element is located
The period the element is located on
Draw the light emission spectrum for that element

3. Engage What is the PTE? How do you think the PTE is organized?
How do scientists know what elements are found in the universe when humans have never been beyond the moon?

4. Explore
Students will read the article “Elements as Building Blocks”. Students annotate the article using the close read annotations posted on classroom charts and will use their annotations to write a 3-5 sentence summary. After the students write their summaries, students will write their findings on chart paper.
Source:

5. Explain Light Emissions PPT
Show the students the first twenty elements’ light emission
Source:

6. Light and Electronic Transitions

7. The Big Questions What is light? How is light emitted?
What do electrons have to do with light?
What are emission spectra?
How do flame tests help identify metals?

8. The Electromagnetic Spectrum
All light is part of the EM spectrum.
Most is invisible:
gamma, X-rays, UV, IR, microwaves, radio waves
Visible light: wavelength (w.l.) from 400 to 700 nm.

9. The EM Spectrum

10. EM Radiation Light is a carrier of energy.
Energy is proportional to frequency.
Frequency is inversely proportional to wavelength.
Longer wavelength = lower frequency = lower energy.
Shorter wavelength = higher frequency = greater energy.

11. Electrons and Quanta
Ground state – the lowest energy position an e- can occupy.
Excited state – a temporary high-energy position.
Quantum (pl. quanta) – the amount of energy needed to move an e- to a higher energy level.

12. Electrons and Quanta
If an atom absorbs exactly 1 quantum of energy, an electron can be boosted from a ground state to an excited state.
The electron is only in the excited state for a very short period of time.
Soon the e- returns to its ground state and emits the quantum of energy as light.
In some cases the emitted light is in the visible spectrum.

13. Light and Electrons Excited state (E.S.) electron 1 quantum
Ground state (G.S.) electron

14. Light and Electrons Excited state (E.S.) electron 1 quantum
Ground state (G.S.) electron
Excited state (E.S.) electron
1 quantum

15. Light and Electrons

16. Emission Spectrum
Emission spectrum – wavelengths of light given off by an element when it is excited (usu. by heat).
Every element has unique emission spectrum.

17. Emission Spectra
Hydrogen
Helium
Carbon

18. Flame Tests Flame test – used to ID some metals in compounds.
Each metal gives a flame a characteristic color.
Can identify metals based on flame colors.

19. Evaluate Exit Ticket Questions:
How is the Periodic Table of Elements organized? What information can you obtain from the Periodic Table of Elements?
What is light emission and what is it used for?