1. End of Chapter “Main Points”

2. Groundwater to Bottled Water
15 billion a year in U.S.
Not regulated by the Gov’t
FDA not EPA
Plastic waste
x greater energy cost than tap
Transport (fossil fuels)
Manufacturing of bottle

3. Flood Control Riverbanks are attractive paces to settle
Live in a floodplain, face flooding
Levees (or dikes) structures built to maintain channel size
Levees can collapse/overflow

4. What causes major floods?
Increased development
Habitat loss
Engineering
Channelization
Global climate change
Natural conditions

5. West Virginia Floods ‘16
Steep mountains, narrow valleys and a deadly train of storms
killed 23 people , evacuations, destroyed/damaged thousands of homes and businesses.
WV got hit by a phenomenon meteorologists call 'training' because the thunderstorms line up over the same location like the cars of a freight train.

6. Dams and Diversions Diversions Dams
Change the flow of a river to suit human needs
Agriculture
Residential use
Brings water flow to drier areas
Blocks river flow
Reservoir- artificial lake for water storage
Flood prevention, drinking water, irrigation, electricity
Costs vs. Benefits

7. Solutions to Freshwater Depletion
Desalination
Agriculture
Removing the salt from ocean water
Reverse osmosis/ hrdrologic cycle mimic
Expensive
Lots of Energy
Kills aquatic life at intakes
Salt waste
More efficient irrigation
Low-pressure/ drip irrigation
Minimizing runoff/ evap.
Crop choice
More suitable for land and climate

8. Solutions to Freshwater Depletion
Lowering residential/industrial use
Market-based strategies
Make water a commodity (price reflects true cost)
Get rid of Gov’t subsidies
Water privatization
Water disputes
Water basins cross boundaries
Conflicts over water
Cooperation, treaties

9. Reading guide Q’s (Due Weds)
Read about the treatment of drinking water and wastewater on pages 414 to 415.
Read about water pollution issues on pages , and
4. Describe how drinking water is treated. How does a septic system work?
5. Draw and explain the major step in the process of wastewater treatment.
1. Define point source and non-point source pollution
2. Why is groundwater pollution more persistent and difficult to address than surface water pollution?
3. What are the 6 major classes of water pollutants? Provide an example of each. Explain which class of water pollutants you think are most important in your local area.