1. Warm-Up – 4/17 – 10 minutes
Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:
Under what conditions does low-level wind shear normally occur?
Describe the effects weather event when a layer of warm, moist air moves over a cold surface.
Describe the type of clouds that can produce hazardous weather, such as lightning, hail, tornadoes, gusty winds, and wind shear.
Describe the good rule of thumb is for pilots with respect to flying when thunderstorms are present.
Describe the difference between broken ceiling cloud cover and overcast cloud cover.

2. Questions / Comments

3. Warm-Up – 4/17 – 10 minutes
Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:
Under what conditions does low-level wind shear normally occur?
Describe the effects weather event when a layer of warm, moist air moves over a cold surface.
Describe the type of clouds that can produce hazardous weather, such as lightning, hail, tornadoes, gusty winds, and wind shear.
Describe the good rule of thumb is for pilots with respect to flying when thunderstorms are present.
Describe the difference between broken ceiling cloud cover and overcast cloud cover.

4. Low Level Wind Shear
While wind shear can occur at any altitude, low-level wind shear is especially hazardous due to the proximity of an aircraft to the ground.
Low-level wind shear is commonly associated with passing frontal systems, thunderstorms, and temperature inversions with strong upper level winds (greater than 25 knots).

5. Warm-Up – 4/17 – 10 minutes
Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:
Under what conditions does low-level wind shear normally occur?
Describe the effects weather event when a layer of warm, moist air moves over a cold surface.
Describe the type of clouds that can produce hazardous weather, such as lightning, hail, tornadoes, gusty winds, and wind shear.
Describe the good rule of thumb is for pilots with respect to flying when thunderstorms are present.
Describe the difference between broken ceiling cloud cover and overcast cloud cover.

6. Fog
When a layer of warm, moist air moves over a cold surface, advection fog is likely to occur.
Unlike radiation fog, wind is required to form advection fog.

7. Warm-Up – 4/17 – 10 minutes
Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:
Under what conditions does low-level wind shear normally occur?
Describe the effects weather event when a layer of warm, moist air moves over a cold surface.
Describe the type of clouds that can produce hazardous weather, such as lightning, hail, tornadoes, gusty winds, and wind shear.
Describe the good rule of thumb is for pilots with respect to flying when thunderstorms are present.
Describe the difference between broken ceiling cloud cover and overcast cloud cover.

8. Clouds
Cumulonimbus clouds contain large amounts of moisture and unstable air, and usually produce hazardous weather phenomena, such as lightning, hail, tornadoes, gusty winds, and wind shear.

9. Warm-Up – 4/17 – 10 minutes
Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:
Under what conditions does low-level wind shear normally occur?
Describe the effects weather event when a layer of warm, moist air moves over a cold surface.
Describe the type of clouds that can produce hazardous weather, such as lightning, hail, tornadoes, gusty winds, and wind shear.
Describe the good rule of thumb is for pilots with respect to flying when thunderstorms are present.
Describe the difference between broken ceiling cloud cover and overcast cloud cover.

10. Clouds It is impossible to fly over thunderstorms in light aircraft.
A good rule of thumb is to circumnavigate thunderstorms identified as severe or giving an intense radar echo by at least 20 nautical miles (NM) since hail may fall for miles outside of the clouds.

11. Warm-Up – 4/17 – 10 minutes
Utilizing your notes and past knowledge answer the following questions:
Under what conditions does low-level wind shear normally occur?
Describe the effects weather event when a layer of warm, moist air moves over a cold surface.
Describe the type of clouds that can produce hazardous weather, such as lightning, hail, tornadoes, gusty winds, and wind shear.
Describe the good rule of thumb is for pilots with respect to flying when thunderstorms are present.
Describe the difference between broken ceiling cloud cover and overcast cloud cover.

12. Ceiling
For aviation purposes, a ceiling is the lowest layer of clouds reported as being broken or overcast, as broken when five-eighths to seven-eighths of the sky is covered with clouds.
Overcast means the entire sky is covered with clouds.

13. Chapter 12– Aviation Weather Services
FAA – Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge

14. Questions / Comments

15. THIS DAY IN AVIATION April 17
1913 — Briton Gustav Hamel lands after a non-stop flight of 4 hours and 18 minutes from Dover, England, to Cologne, Germany in a Blériot XI.

16. THIS DAY IN AVIATION April 17
1921 — Aviation meet at Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

17. THIS DAY IN AVIATION April 17
1926 — Western Air Express starts its service between Los Angeles and Salt Lake City.

18. THIS DAY IN AVIATION April 17
1969 — USAF Maj. Jerauld Gentry pilots the Martin X-24 “Lifting Body” research aircraft on its first free flight.

19. THIS DAY IN AVIATION April 17
1970 — A Sikorsky CH-53D “Sea Stallion” helicopter flies between London and Paris to demonstrate that modern helicopters can provide reliable inter-city services.

20. Questions / Comments

21. March / April 2017 26 27 28 29 30 Chap 10 Test 31 Flight Line Friday 1
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday 26 27
Chapter 10
Aircraft Performance 28 29 30
Chap 10 Test 31
Flight Line Friday 1 2 3
Chapter 11
Weather Theory 4 5 6
SCHOOL VISIT 7
Chap 11 Test 8 9 10
SCHOOL VACATION 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Chapter 12
Weather Services 18 19 20
Review and Test 21 22

22. Questions / Comments

23. 2nd Quarter Requirements (6 weeks – May 24)
All students will complete the following:
Take notes - All in class quizzes and tests
Private Pilot Syllabus
Lessons 1 – 5 (Taxiing through Air Traffic Control)
Must pass written with 80%
Successfully complete 3 times on small sim
Successfully complete 1 time on Main sim
Complete ERAU Aviation 101
3 quizzes and 1 test
Student will receive zero points for all incomplete work – NO make-up / extra credit
NOTE: All unfinished Student Pilot and ERAU must be complete prior to starting Private Pilot and last 3 quizzes and test for ERAU.

24. AVIATION ACES 1B 1B High Shooter (100) 007 Jon Doe Gator Bulldog
Pilots (A – 90 & above) 1B
Co-Pilots (B – 80 – 89)
007
Jon Doe
Bulldog
Maverick
DB n/a
Cincinnati
Chief
Jack in the Box
Goose
Gator
High Shooter (100)

25. Chapter 12– Aviation Weather Services
FAA – Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge

26. Today’s Mission Requirements
Describe the combined effort associated with Aviation Weather Services.
Describe how meteorologists can predict weather patterns, trends and characteristics of weather systems.
Identify the various reports available and utilized by pilots.
Describe the basic information provided on reports that enable pilots to make informed decisions regarding weather safety before and during flight.
EQ:
Describe the importance of Aeronautical Knowledge for the student pilot learning to fly.

27. Questions / Comments

28. Introduction
In aviation, weather service is a combined effort of the National Weather Service (NWS), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Department of Defense (DOD), other aviation groups, and individuals.

29. Introduction
Aviation weather services reports and forecasts enable pilots to make informed decisions regarding weather and flight safety before and during a flight.

30. Weather Briefings
Prior to every flight, pilots should gather all information vital to the nature of the flight.
This includes an appropriate weather briefing obtained from a specialist at a FSS, AFSS, or NWS.
Other helpful information is whether the flight is visual flight rules (VFR) or IFR, aircraft identification and type, departure point, estimated time of departure (ETD), flight altitude, route of flight, destination, and estimated time en route (ETE).

31. Observations
There are four types of weather observations: surface, upper air, radar, and satellite.

32. Surface Aviation Weather Observations
Surface aviation weather observations (METARs) are a compilation of elements of the current weather at individual ground stations across the United States.
Provide continuous up-to-date weather information.
Automated weather sources, such as the Automated Weather Observing Systems (AWOS), Automated Surface Observing Systems (ASOS).

33. Surface Aviation Weather Observations
Surface observations provide local weather conditions and other relevant information for a radius of five miles of a specific airport.

34. Surface Aviation Weather Observations
This information includes the type of report, station identifier, date and time, modifier (as required), wind, visibility, runway visual range (RVR), weather phenomena, sky condition, temperature/dew point, altimeter reading, and applicable remarks.

35. Surface Aviation Weather Observations
The information gathered for the surface observation may be from a person, an automated station, or an automated station that is updated or enhanced by a weather observer.

36. Upper Air Observations
Observations of upper air weather are more challenging than surface observations.
There are only two methods that upper air weather can be observed:
radiosonde observations
pilot weather reports (PIREPs).

37. Upper Air Observations
A radiosonde is a small cubic instrumentation package which is suspended below a six foot hydrogen or helium filled balloon.

38. Upper Air Observations
Pilots also provide vital information regarding upper air weather observations and remain the only real-time source of information regarding turbulence, icing, and cloud heights.
This information is gathered and filed by pilots in flight.

39. RADAR Observations
NEXRAD radar, commonly called Doppler radar, provides in-depth observations that inform surrounding communities of impending weather.
FAA terminal doppler weather radar (TDWR), installed at some major airports around the country, also aids in providing severe weather alerts and warnings to ATC.

40. RADAR Observations
The third type of radar commonly used in the detection of precipitation is the FAA airport surveillance radar.
This radar is used to detect aircraft, but it also detects the location and intensity of precipitation which is used to route aircraft traffic around severe weather in an airport environment.

41. RADAR Observations
Airborne radar is equipment carried by aircraft to locate weather disturbances. permitting both penetration of heavy precipitation, required for determining the extent of thunderstorms.

42. Satellite Observations
Satellite weather provides the pilot with a powerful resource for enhanced situational awareness at any time.
Due to continuous satellite broadcasts, pilots can obtain a weather briefing by looking at a display screen.

43. Significant Meteorological Information (SIGMET)
SIGMETs are weather advisories issued concerning weather significant to the safety of all aircraft.

44. Significant Meteorological Information (SIGMET)
SIGMET advisories can cover an area of at least 3,000 square miles and provide data regarding severe and extreme turbulence, severe icing, and widespread dust or sandstorms that reduce visibility to less than three miles.

45. Airmen’s Meteorological Information (AIRMET)
AIRMETs are weather advisories issued only to amend the area forecast concerning weather phenomena which are of operational interest to all aircraft and potentially hazardous to aircraft having limited capability because of lack of equipment, instrumentation, or pilot qualifications.

46. Airmen’s Meteorological Information (AIRMET)
AIRMETs concern weather of less severity than that covered by SIGMETs or convective SIGMETs.

47. Airmen’s Meteorological Information (AIRMET)
Convective SIGMET's are issued for SEVERE WEATHER. Severe Thunderstorms, etc.
Pilot's DO NOT WANT TO FLY through areas of Convective SIGMET'S.

48. Questions / Comments

49. 2nd Quarter Requirements (6 weeks – May 24)
All students will complete the following:
Take notes - All in class quizzes and tests
Private Pilot Syllabus
Lessons 1 – 5 (Taxiing through Air Traffic Control)
Must pass written with 80%
Successfully complete 3 times on small sim
Successfully complete 1 time on Main sim
Complete ERAU Aviation 101
3 quizzes and 1 test
Student will receive zero points for all incomplete work – NO make-up / extra credit
NOTE: All unfinished Student Pilot and ERAU must be complete prior to starting Private Pilot and last 3 quizzes and test for ERAU.