1. Diabetes: Don’t Sugar Coat it Living with Type II Diabetes

2. Glucose Primary source of energy for body
Comes from carbohydrate digestion
Blood glucose levels
“Blood sugar”
Glucose is a simple sugar that is found in carbohydrate foods
Carbs are broken down into glucose and travels through the blood stream to cells to provide energy
Glucose in the blood stream is also often referred to as blood sugar
In Type II Diabetes a lot of glucose is left in the blood stream
Rise in blood glucose levels > hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels) > diabetic coma

3. What is Type II Diabetes
Body can’t utilize glucose or insulin properly
Insulin Resistance
Chronic condition
Body can not properly use glucose because the body is not producing enough insulin or cells have become insulin resistant
Can’t convert glucose to energy
Glucose builds up in the blood stream
Picture explanation: Think of a key unlocking a door; insulin is the key and the cell is the door. Insulin unlocks the cell, so that glucose can move in and be used. Without the key, the door can’t be unlocked just like in insulin resistance without insulin, the cell can’t be unlocked. If the cell is not unlocked, glucose can’t move in and builds up in the blood stream, causing Type II Diabetes.

4. Risk Factors Obesity Waist circumference High cholesterol
High blood pressure
Age >40
Race
Physical inactivity
Development is not fully understood, but risk factors that increase chances of being diagnosed
Having more fatty tissue makes the body’s cells more resistant to insulin
As a person ages they usually become less active, lose muscle, and gain fat
It is unclear why, but studies have shown that certain races (African American, Hispanic, etc) are at higher risk
Exercise helps cells in the body use up glucose in the blood and makes cells more sensitive to insulin
What type of risk factors does the cartoon man display overtly?
Answer: Obesity, high waist circumference, over the age of 40

5. Symptoms Thirst Frequent urination Blurry vision
Numbness in extremities
Infections
Impaired wound healing
Fatigue
In some cases there are no symptoms

6. Carbohydrate Balanced Diet
45-65 grams of carbs/meal
grams of carbs/day
Types of carbs
Starch
Sugar
Fiber
Carbohydrate Exchange
Starch and sugars both breakdown in the body into glucose and can raise blood glucose levels when ingested.
Fiber is not broken down into glucose, so can’t it raise blood glucose.
Fiber can help lower cholesterol
50g of fiber/day can help control blood glucose levels
carbohydrate exchange system-go into more detail about this method next class.
Before going to next slide have class write down foods they think are low in carbs and high in carbs.

7. Low Carb Foods Avocados Meat Almonds Spinach Cheese Coffee Berries
Go over foods with low carb content to make sure the class understands what types of foods are best for those with Type II Diabetes
Those with Type II Diabetes want to choose low carb foods and try to avoid high carb foods in order to maintain a healthy blood glucose level

8. High Carb Foods Bread Pasta Rice Potatoes Candy Soda Bananas
Go over foods with high carb content to make sure the class understands what types of foods should be avoided for those with Type II Diabetes
High carb foods do not need to be completely avoided, just monitored and limited
Those with Type II Diabetes want to choose low carb foods and try to limit high carb foods in order to maintain a healthy blood glucose level

9. Questions?
Take questions from the class, then given them another questionnaire to fill out and collect when done, and then give out Type II Diabetes informational pamphlet