1. Lesson plan for treatment and management
TYPE 2 DIABETES
Lesson plan for treatment and management

2. WHAT IS DIABETES? High blood sugar
Body doesn’t respond or produce enough insulin
Harmful to health
Type 2 diabetes specifically INSULIN RESISTANCE
Diet and exercise helps control insulin
Carbohydrates and sugar need to be monitored

3. Carbohydrate needs
Good news: Humans need carbohydrates. Better news: With diabetes you don’t need to stop eating carbohydrates. The body uses carbs to make sugar and energy to live and function well.

4. Blood sugar
If you don’t manage blood sugar with diet then there can be complications.
Eye issues/ vision problems
Circulation difficulties
Heart attack
Stroke
Less than 130 mg/day blood sugar level fasting
Don’t skip meals or over eat.

5. Managing blood sugar 4 CHOICES EACH DAY
The “controlled carb” meal (NOT low carb)
130 g/day or less (this averages to about 9 choices each day)
With diabetes average carbs are grams depending on gender/ethnicity
One carb choice= 15 grams carbohydrates 
4 CHOICES EACH DAY
CARB TO INSULIN RATIO number of grams carbs/ number units bolus insulin= grams of carb per 1 unit insulin

6. Carbohydrate counting
POSITIVE STEP TO BEING EDUCATED AND REGULATING HEALTH!
Manages food intake
Keep blood sugar in the normal range
Meal planning helps regain control
Allows flexibility in food choices

7. Standard carb counts
Starch Group 1 slice of bread (weighing 1 ounce) 1/4 large bagel 1/2 bun, pita bread, English muffin 1/3 cup rice or pasta 1/2 cup beans 1/2 cup starchy vegetable (potato, corn, sweet potato) 1/2 cup oatmeal, grits, bulgur 1 small tortilla (flour or corn, 6 inch size) 3 cups popcorn
Milk Group
1 cup of milk
2/3 cup yogurt
Fruit Group
1 piece of fruit
3/4 cup fresh berries
17 grapes
1 cup melon
1/2 cup fruit juice

8. Low carb “safe foods”
• Non-starchy vegetables (ex: cucumbers, spinach, and carrots) • Meat (including eggs and soy products) • Poultry (preferably white meat) • Fish (any type) • Cheese (including oils and fats)

9. MENU PLANNING

10. Diabetes lifestyle
DOES NOT HAVE TO BE A BURDEN. Manage blood sugar by eating right. Count Carbohydrates. Use insulin as necessary. Exercise. Listen to your body.