1. Ancient/Classical Greece

3. Greek Religion Polytheistic Anthropomorphic Interact with humans
Act like humans
Suprahuman
Diet – ambrosia & nectar
Mount Olympus

6. The Polis The Greek City-State

7. The agora (marketplace)
The acropolis
(defensible hill)

8. The Phalanx & Hoplites

9. The Minoans Crete BC

10. Thalassocracy Peaceful Matriarchal religion Bureaucratic monarchy
Sea power
Sports & Arts
Technological advances
Prosperous Traders

13. Destruction of Minoans
Earthquake & Tidal Wave
Attack by Mycenaeans
Linear B – deciphered

14. The Mycenaeans To Crete from the mainland 1600-1100 BC

15. Militaristic and warlike Monarchy
King supported by Nobles (Feudal society)
Built on advances by early civilizations
Declined because of internal weakness and invasions

17. Dorians
1100BC – Invaded Greece

18. Dark Age of Classical Greece
More primitive/less advanced
Eventually began assimilating other cultures into their own
Began to become prosperous
Colonization
Will be followed by the Homeric Age

19. Phoenicians Lebanon and Syria Skilled in navigation and trading
Mediterranean Colonies
May have circumnavigated the globe
Early example of a world economy

22. Alphabet
22 letters
Not pictures/easier to learn

24. Age of Homer

26. Sparta Descended from the Dorians Laconia
Conquered the native peoples (725BC)
Made them helots (slaves)
Threat of revolt
Repressive Militaristic Government
Spartans realized that to survive, they must militarize

27. 2 Kings – 1 Religious, 1 Military
5 Ephors (Executives)
Council of Elders (30)
Assembly
Military as focus of community/life
Xenophobic
Women

31. ATHENS

32. Hereditary aristocracy
Aristocrats
Merchants
Farmers
Poor
Women
Metics (foreigners)
Natural resources
Coastal area
Agriculture
grain, grapes, olives
Impact on socio-economic status

33. Draco
Peisistratus
Solon
Pericles
Cleisthenes

34. Draco (612BC)
“Draconian” laws
End of arbitrary justice
Solon ( )
Emergency leadership
Cancelled debts
4 social classes & Council of 400
Increased size of assembly
Peisistratus ( BC)
Benevolent tyrant
Land given to poor farmers

35. Cleisthenes (500BC) Pericles (495-429BC) Democratic movement
10 tribes – along geographic lines
Council of 500 & larger assembly
Introduced ostracism
Pericles ( BC)
Extended democracy
Champion of the poor
Council of 5000

36. Rest of the Athenian population
Women – never officially citizens
No legal rights w/o male representatives
Few economic or educational opportunities
Role as mothers to Athenian citizens
Expected to stay indoors; inner courtyards
Metics (foreigners)
Left out of government participation
Slaves
Agricultural jobs & silver mines
Commercial jobs & military
Most were non-Greeks, but some were debt slaves

37. Struggles for Control
Greco-Persian Wars
Peloponnesian War

40. Persian Wars (Phase I and Phase II)BC
Ionian Revolt
King Darius of Persia
Pheidippides
Battle of Marathon
King Xerxes of Persia
Silver deposits discovered
King Leonidas
Battle of Salamis

41. Peloponnesian War (431-404BC)
Delian League
Thucydides
Sparta (land power) vs. Athens (sea power)
Thebes
Philip of Macedon

42. Greek Culture Pre-Socratics Thales – water as Heraclitus – fire
primary element
Heraclitus – fire
“You can never step in the same
stream twice
Pythagoras – numbers

43. Sophists Socrates (c.469-399BC) Protagoras – “truth is relative”
“Man is the measure of all things”
Socrates (c BC)
Challenged Sophists
Truth & virtue connected
Interested in absolutes
“Socratic Method”
Victim of Athenian Politics

44. Plato (427-347BC) Aristotle (384-322BC) Academy “Dialogues”
How do we know what we know?
Trust your mind not your senses
“The Republic”
The Guardians
Education
Aristotle ( BC)
Lyceum
“Father of Logic”
Trust your observations
(sense and mind)
Timocracy

45. Science & Medicine Hippocrates (460-377BC) Democritus (460-370BC)
“Father of Medicine”
Hippocratic Oath
Democritus ( BC)
“Father of Physics
Atomic theory of the universe

46. Lyric Poetry Tragedy & Comedy Sappho Pindar
Love poetry
Pindar
Poetry about athletes
Tragedy & Comedy
Aeschylus – Greek Tragedian
Patriotic themes
What happens when one displays hubris
Sophocles
“Oedipeia”
“Antigone”

47. Visual Arts Euripides Aristophanes Sculpture
Plays about lower class people
Sympathetic toward women
“Medea” – a wife’s revenge
Aristophanes
Lysistrata – women tired of war
Punishment for husbands
The Clouds– critical of philosphers
Visual Arts
Sculpture
to portray the ideal human
No emotion; total control

49. Architecture Columns (Dorian, Ionic, Corinthian)
Temples to honor the gods
Open-air theaters

51. Pottery Showing things important to the Greeks Battles
Physical contests