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Industrialization and Reform

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Presentation on theme: "Industrialization and Reform"— Presentation transcript:

1 Industrialization and Reform
Essential Questions - How did industrialization, social reform, and political movements influence the direction of American life? How did people respond to the new challenges of industrial life?

2 3 Revolutions (1820s-1850s) Economic – inventions/factories
Social Reform – changes in how people worked/lived Political – rise of sectionalism (north v. south) and nationalism (pride in US)

3 A Market Society The Factory System
Samuel Slater established America’s first factory in 1790 First large-scale American factory (1814 Waltham, MA) Lowell followed “interchangeable parts” that could be rapidly assembled into standardized finished products South lags behind North Spinning Jenny

4 Lowell Mills

5 Boott Mill (1835)

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7 The Locks at Lowell (32 ft. drop). Merrimack River

8 Lowell Mills What do the girls’ expressions indicate about factory life?

9 Morning Bell at Lowell 1st Ring 4:30 Last Ring 10:00

10 Lowell Boardinghouse

11 Lowell Factory Church (1825)

12 Samuel Morse and his Telegraph

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14 A New Economy Transportation
Improvements costs and linked farmers to markets Improved water transportation did most Steamboat/ canals increased the speed lowered expense of commerce $100 to $6 / ton Railroads Telegraph

15 Travel During the Erie Canal Era
Dirt Road (freight) Canal (freight) Method Wagon 8 Horses Line Boat 2 Mules Amount of Time 15-45 Days 9 Days Cost $100/Ton $6/Ton

16 Various Canals from 1800s

17 A New Economy (con’t) Inventions Eli Whitney’s cotton gin
McCormick’s reaper Unfree Westward Movement ~1 million slaves moved from to the Deep South between 1800 and 1860 Slave trading became a well-organized business Cotton became the empire of liberty’s most important export


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