1. IMMUNE SYSTEM SPECIFIC RESPONSE
Life Science

2. RECOGNIZING PATHOGENS
There are billions of different lymphocytes (white blood cells)
Each have receptors for different antigens
Antigens are pieces of a pathogen that identify a cell as foreign

3. IMMUNE RESPONSE 2-part attack Starts with an initial response Initial
T-Cell production
B-Cell production

4. INITIAL RESPONSE
macrophage engulfs pathogen and puts antigens on its surface
Helper T-cell binds to antigen

5. INITIAL RESPONSE
Macrophage releases a chemical (INK-1) which causes the Helper T-cell to release INK-2

6. * INK-2 causes T-cell and B-cell Production
Initial
response
INK-2
INK-2
B-Cell production
T-Cell production
* INK-2 causes T-cell and B-cell Production

7. T-Cell Response

8. T-Cell Response
Production of more Helper T Cells and production of Cytotoxic T Cells
Cytotoxic T Cell (killer T cell): punctures and kills infected body cells.

9. T-Cell Response

10. Initial
response
T-Cell production
B-Cell production

11. B-Cell Response

12. B-Cell Response
Most B-cells produce and secrete antibodies that deactivate viruses and clump them making it easier for macrophages to engulf and destroy them

13. HUMORAL
Some B-cells become memory cells and store information about pathogen for long term defense

14. HUMORAL
When exposed to a pathogen a 2nd time memory cells immediately recognize and destroy it before it causes illness.

15. Vaccines Immunity: ability to resist an infectious disease
Vaccination: introduction of antigens into body to cause immunity

16. Vaccines
Vaccine: solution of dead or weakened pathogens

17. Vaccines Antigens produce a primary immune response
Memory cells created provide quick secondary immune response if antigen enters body again.
Some Diseases that have been controlled through vaccines: polio, measles, mumps, tetanus, and small pox
Measles
Small Pox
Polio

18. How Vaccine Fears as Fueled Resurgence Of Preventable Diseases