1. The Cold War
Two Superpowers Emerge

2. Preview and Processing
Who are the main characters in the cartoon?
What is the cartoon implying about the United Nations?
What is the cartoon saying about communication between democratic and communist countries?
How did the Iron Curtain contribute to the Cold War tensions?
What was the Cold War?

4. Two Superpowers USSR maintained; protection wh/ = buffer zone
US & USSR: different philosophies
US demobilized after WWII; peace
USSR maintained; protection wh/ = buffer zone
Dominate E. Europe: 100 mil more people

5. Page 966 in text

6. United Nations San Francisco June 1945 Two Divisions
General Assembly: every member nation could vote

7. Security Council: GB, FR, US USSR & China=permanent
6 other members chosen from G.A. & serve 2 yrs (now up to 10 other members)
5 perm. Ea. w/ veto power
No major power can refuse to join
Peace keeping force
Social & economic issues: Ed, food health
Universal Declaration of Human Rights

10. Making the Connection
Why is the security council made of five specific nations?
How has the UN been used in negotiations?
What is the ultimate goal and/or purpose of the UN?
Why is the UN often viewed as ineffective?

11. Atomic and Nuclear Weapons
USSR w/ bomb by 1949
Hydrogen bomb

12. Europe After War Empires fell: GB gave up India Germany Clement Atlee
(Who is he?)
Germany
Yalta Conference: GER divided into 4 occupation zones controlled by GB, FR USSR & US; Capt. City of Berlin also divided

13. Making the Connection
From the photographs, compare the relationship between the “Big Threes.”
Why is deciding on a peace agreement so important after WWII?
What lessons did the Allied powers learn from WWI when negotiating peace?

14. USSR wh/ = German Democratic Republic
(East Germany)
democratic zones joined wh/ =
Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany)

16. Berlin Airlift June 1948 Stalin blocked entry to W. Berlin
35 days of food
Massive airlift: 4,500 tons of food & supplies every day (toys)
60 bombers to GB
May 12, 1949 Stalin ended blockade
Video Clip

17. Iron Curtain Truman Doctrine Marshall Plan Rival Alliances
Satellites: Albania, Bulgaria, Romania, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia
Buffer zone
Truman Doctrine
Help countries resist communism
Containment
Greece & Turkey
Marshall Plan
$ to W. Europe: 13 bil to 16 countries
Rival Alliances
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Warsaw Pact

18. USSR & Eastern Europe March 5, 1953 Stalin died Nikita Khrushchev
Son of a metal worker
Rose through the ranks
De-Stalinization: Stalin had killed & jailed many loyal Soviet citizens
Buried outside Kremlin Wall
Stalingrad renamed Volgograd
Began the building of the Berlin Wall
Cuban Missile Crisis

19. The Berlin Wall What was the purpose of the Berlin Wall?
Why did the citizens of Berlin not challenge the wall?
Who was Hans Conrad Schumann?
In what year was the Berlin Wall built and what year did it come down?
Name the Soviet leader who ordered it built and the Soviet leader who ordered it torn down.

20. August 15, 1961: Leaps over a barbed wire barricade at the Bernauer Street sector into West Berlin

22. Video clip: Berlin Wall

23. The Berlin Wall What was the purpose of the Berlin Wall?
Why did the citizens of Berlin not challenge the wall?

24. The Berlin Wall Who was Hans Conrad Schumann?
Hans Conrad Schumann (March 28, 1942 – June 20, 1998) was an East German soldier who famously defected to West Germany during the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961

25. The Berlin Wall
In what year was the Berlin Wall built and what year did it come down?
April 16, 1961
November 10, 1989

26. The Berlin Wall
Name the Soviet leader who ordered it built and the Soviet leader who ordered it torn down.
Nikita Khrushchev
Mikhail Gorbachev

27. Cuban Missile Crisis

29. Making the Connection What was the Duck and Cover Program?
Why would the US tell the public that by doing this, they could save their life?
(Video: Duck and Cover)

30. Leonid Brezhnev
Brezhnev Doctrine: Keep counties fr. Turing away fr. Communism