1. ?
GAP analysIs !!
Wow!!

2. Theory
Skill
Attitude

3. Theory Teaching materials Portions not covered by PPT
Available power point presentations need modification
Manual is used for rote learning only
Manuals cannot be understood easily by present students without further help
Word documents present only facts as given in PPT

4. Teaching
Teaching is not exhaustive – only material in PPT are covered as lectures
Lack of adequate preparation
Large number of students for common lectures
Teaching is not correlated with the manual used for study
Topics are not categorized based on the different papers
Students are not made to take appropriate notes or clarifications pertaining to the study material

5. One topic – one teacher concept -> one chapter one concept
Lack of feedback and review of lessons
Lack of peer group learning
Lack of group activities
Less stress on reference work
Different tasks given -not proper monitoring
Non-uniformity between hospitals, between departments

6. Patient identification
Skill
Patient identification
Communication with the patient
Pre preparation of the instrument & patient

7. Patient misidentification - a root cause of many errors
Examining and doing investigation on a wrong patient which may be reversible.
Events like operating on a wrong eye or a wrong procedure
Using inappropriate dose of medication
Placing a wrong powered IOL or a corneal graft which may not be reversible and can cause further intervention and is harmful to the patient.
Such incidents also can happen in the pharmacy and optical shop where wrong medicine or glasses may be dispensed to the patients.

8. “Extensive research has shown that no matter how knowledgeable a clinician might be, if he or she is not able to open good communication with the patient, he or she may be of no help.”-Asnani MR. (2009). Patient-physician communication. WestIndian Med J, 58(4):357-61
Communication skills ensures a patient’s capacity to follow through with treatment, self-manage a chronic medical condition as advised and adopt preventive measures and follow-up.
MLOP’s ability to elicit information, explain, listen and empathize can have a profound effect on patient satisfaction
Patient satisfaction increases when
information is explained clearly
patients are encouraged to express their ideas, concerns and expectations
patients are treated with respect and concern
complete instructions are given
side effects are explained properly
at each point of interaction - on an average 15 interactions

9. Keeping all the required things necessary for a unit / clinic
Keeping all the required things necessary for a procedure - sterile cotton wiper, handrub, accessories, sharp needles , trays, etc
Following all precautions before any procedure
Preparing the patient physically, emotionally and psychologically before the procedure / surgery- comfortable positioning, assurance to the patient, giving all details and side effects etc.

10. Following aseptic techniques
Waste management
Non-standardization of procedures. medicines etc.

11. Aseptic technique is employed to
maximize and maintain asepsis, the absence of pathogenic organisms
protect the patient from infection
prevent the spread of pathogens
During OP procedures
Preoperative & post-operative care
Before surgery
In the theater
Infected patients
Waste management
Managing spillage etc.

12. Need for waste management
Injuries from sharps leading to infection
Nosocomial infections in patients from poor infection control practices and poor waste management.
Risk of infection outside hospital for waste handlers
Risk associated with hazardous chemicals
Drugs which have been disposed of, being repacked and sold off
Needles and syringes which have been disposed of, being repacked and sold off

13. Proper labelling on the containers
Display of posters in all areas
Use Colour coded bins / buckets for all types of waste in all the areas of waste generation
Proper labelling on the containers
Monitoring proper segregation at all places
Provision of green and yellow buckets for patients wherever necessary with proper labelling / indication

14. Attitude
Empathy
Compassion
Integrity

15. Showing clinical empathy to patients can improve their satisfaction of care, motivate them to stick to their treatment plans
Compassionate care, is defined as "recognizing the concerns, distress and suffering of patients and their families and taking action to relieve them.
“Take care of others the way they take care of themselves “– a key behavior in people with integrity and a key behavior in successful MLOPs

17. Dedication is
providing competent medical care, with compassion and respect
Being alert is
Being able to identify emergencies / complications / adverse reactions and take steps to handle them
Commitment is
Adhering to quality and safety measures always

18. Training for trainers too !!!!.....
Training for whom ????
Training for trainers too !!!!.....

19. I yr employees -pre-evaluation - skill based classes -practice of special cases under supervision, - examining 90 patients under supervision- post evaluation
Practicing on special patients and weekly presentation
Weekly once - study
Monthly quiz
Exams
Special classes eg. Esslor - and lectures
I yr employees -orientation
Weekly spelling tests