1. Welcome! Drafting 2345: Advanced Pipe Drafting
Andrew Amini Full Time Instructor, HCC

2. Valves
Gate Valve-Mechanical valve that can be designed to be closed and opened with a metal to metal seal to hold the pressure down. It is a cheap and effective valve the “workforce” of the industry valve.
The valve can be operated in a fully opened or fully closed position

3. Nominal Size
What is nominal size? OD or ID?
What is the double and the single line for the spool?

4. Globe Valve
What is a globe valve?
How does is it better for throttling?
Describe Linear, Radial, and Turbulent Flow
PVT for Compression and Expansion??
Changes in the shape of metals
Why are compression stations used?

5. Check Valves
Check valves-Are designed to allow ONE way flow. This is to prevent any backflow from occurring.
In a tool what would be the problem of having all check valves?

6. Mechanical Ball Valves
Is used to hold pressure from above and below the ball. This allows two way operation of the valve.
Is the ball valve used as a barrier?
How does one upgrade the rating of the ball valve?
Is mechanical cheaper than a hydraulic ball valve?
Ball valves allows easier throttling to occur
How does not operated a mechanical ball valve

7. Hydraulic Ball Valve
More expensive than the mechanical ball valve
Can be remotely operated with the use of the hydraulic line and the fluid
Lines must always be clean and purged before operation of the ball valve
Describe the trunnion of the ball valve?
Can a hydraulic valve be operated mechanically?
What do you do when the hydraulic ball valve fails?
Describe the trunnion?
Describe lock out and tag out

8. Relief Valve
Describe the importance of the relief valve.
For safety reasons this will be installed to not energize the system

9. Chapter 2-Steel Pipe
Piping Materials: Most common material is carbon steel pipe
Pipe is used to transport liquids, gases, vapors, liquefied solids

10. Chapter 2-Steel Pipe
Manufacturing Methods: Carbon steel pipe is manufactured based on pipe strength, wall thickness, corrosion resistance, temperature, and pressure
Common manufacturing methods are for seamless, butt-welded, and spiral welded pipe
Seamless Pipe-piercing a billet with a mandrel to produce a pipe that has no seams or joints
Butt-welded Pipe-Feeding a hot steel plates through shapers to obtain a hollow circular shape.
Spiral-Welded pipe-Formed by twisting strips of metal into a spiral shape

11. Chapter 2-Steel Pipe
Nominal Pipe Size-Refers to the OD of the pipe. X<12” OD is greater than Nominal, X>12” OD is equal to the nominal size
ID-Inside Diameter
OD-Outside Diameter

12. Wall Thickness
Wall Thickness is the thickness of the metal that the pipe is made from. The weight system is the most common used methods.
ID=OD-(2 x Wall Thickness)
Pipe must be designed for the job specification

13. Methods of Joining Pipe
Joining pipe is necessary to form the connections needed
Butt-welded pipe is made by welding the beveled ends of the pipe together. During the welding process the root gap is about 1/16” inches to separate the two pieces to be welded then they are joined together.
Screwed or Thread Connections- There are male and female threads that must make-up in order for the connection to be made. When the connections are made-up then the piper must take into account the lost length from the make-up

14. Methods of Joining Pipe
Socket Welded Connections- Joined by welding the socket into the fitting

15. Cast Iron Pipe
Cast iron does corrode. It is used for gravity flow, storm/sewer systems. Gravity flow systems are for residential, commercial, and industrial facilities
Joining Cast Iron Pipe—Hub/Bell or Spigot Joint—The hub end has a large diameter to resemble a bell. The spigot has a plain or flat ended joint.

16. Plastic Pipe
Plastic is used since it is cost effective. What part of the Up, Mid, Down stream process does plastic come from?
The plastic piping comes from Fluoroplastics and Thermoplatics.
Fluoroplastics-perform well in aggressive chemical temperatures at -328F to 500F
Thermoplastics-require melting during the manufacturing process. The plastics are welded or injection molded into shapes for machining piping system components.

17. Joining Plastic Pipe
Plastic pipe is joined via threading, solvent cement, or fusion
Threading plastic pipe is not realistic since it is expensive and a heavy wall must be made in order to maintain the high pressures.
Solvent cement is more reliable since it is more resistant to chemical and high pressure commodities. They have multiple fittings and do not need threads.

18. Drawing Pipe
Single or Double lines are used
Pipe 12” and smaller is using a single line and the pipe 14” and large is using the double line. Look on page 11

19. Chapter 3-Pipe Fittings
Fittings connect various pieces of pipe together. They come in changes made to the physical structure with the Elbow, Tee, or Reducer.

20. 90 degree Elbow
The elbow is used when the pipe will change direction. The types of elbows are long-radius elbow, short-radius elbow, reducing elbow, or mitered elbow. The long radius elbow:
8” x 1.5=12”
To find the elbow first go to the Nominal Pipe size page 14
Drawing the long radius elbow is shown in page 17 with the three step procedure

21. Reducing elbows
Reducing elbows have been discontinued since the fitting made it more difficult to install and remove bolts when welded to flanges

22. Mitered Elbows
It is used on large pipe 24” or greater. The mitered elbow is made by making angular cuts through the straight run of pipe and then welding pipe back together after the cut sections have been rolled