1. Eukaryotic (“true nucleus”) cells contain organelles

2. Organelles: Are membrane bound Are sub-cellular structures
Perform a specific function for the cell

3. Types of Eukaryotic Cells
Animal Cells
Plant Cells
Protist Cells
Fungi Cells

4. Major Parts of the Eukaryotic Cell:
Cell Membrane:
Surrounds the cell
Controls movement into and out of cell
Made of PHOSPHOLIPIDS with imbedded proteins

6. Mitochondria Found in the cytoplasm
Transfer the energy in glucose to ATP (cellular respiration)

8. Ribosomes Site of protein synthesis.
Are free floating in the cytoplasm or attached to ER.
Made of protein and RNA.

10. Endomembrane organelles
Organelles that work together to modify, process and ship molecules around and out of the cell
ER  Golgi  Vesicles

12. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER):
Attached to nucleus
Set of channels that aids in movement of molecules inside the cell.

13. Rough ER Stacked, flattened sacs with many ribosomes attached.
Forms a link between the nuclear envelope and the ribosomes.

14. Smooth ER
No ribosomes
Area from which vesicles carrying proteins and lipids are budded.

16. Golgi apparatus
Stacks of membranous sacs that modify, sort and ship proteins (such as enzymes and hormones).

17. Golgi apparatus
Material received from the rough ER are processed and packaged in vesicles which will either stay in the cell or will be secreted to the outside of the cell.

18. Golgi apparatus
Cells that secrete hormones (i.e. pancreas) have extensive Golgi development

19. See animations 13.2 and 13.3
Vesicles
Transport material between organelles and to and from the cell membrane

20. Completed protein is packaged into vesicles.
Vesicle merges with the plasma membrane and the protein is released via exocytosis.
Completed protein is packaged into vesicles.
Vesicle fuses with the Golgi and protein is modified as it passes through.
Protein is packaged into vesicles and travels to the Golgi.
Protein is synthesized on ribosomes and transported in channels of the ER.

22. Nucleus: Controls the functions of the cell Includes the following:
Nuclear Envelope: Controls movement into and out of the nucleus
Nuclear Pore: holes where movement takes place

26. Nucleus Nucleolus – site of ribosome synthesis
Chromatin – DNA and associated proteins (some serve as enzymes, some are support). Condenses into chromosomes before cell division.

27. Nucleus – can you name each part?
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28. Nucleus – can you name each part?

29. Vacuole Stores food or water.
Can occupy up to 90% of the plant cell interior

31. Lysosomes
Contain powerful enzymes that digest worn out cell parts or foreign particles.

34. Chloroplasts Site of photosynthesis
Converts sunlight energy to form glucose

35. Cytoskeleton: Network of protein fibers that:
supports the shape of the cell
anchors organelles
Serves as a “track” for organelles to move on.
Crisscrosses the cytoplasm
See animations

38. Cilia and Flagella
Used for movement of the cell

39. Cell wall A structure outside the plasma membrane that: Made of:
Maintains cell shape
Prevents excessive water uptake
holds the whole plant up against the force of gravity
Made of:
Cellulose in plants
Chitin in fungi

40. Extra Cellular (“outside the cell”) Components
Plants have the cell wall (technically outside the cell)
Animals secrete proteins that form an extracellular matrix
This functions in support, adhesion and movement.

41. Cytoskeleton
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Figure: 05.4
Title:
A generalized plant cell
Caption:
A generalized plant cell.
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42. ANIMAL CELL
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Figure: 05.3
Title:
A generalized animal cell
Caption:
A generalized animal cell.
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43. The END!!