1. Bioinformatics Madina Bazarova

2. What is Bioinformatics? Bioinformatics is marriage between biology and computer. It is the use of computers for the acquisition, management, and analysis of biological information. It incorporates elements of molecular biology, computational biology, database computing, and the internet. Bioinformatics is clearly a multi- disciplinary field including: computer systems management networking, database design, computer programming, molecular biology from using computers for molecular biology.

3. Why bioinformatics is necessary? The need for Bioinformatics has arisen from the recent explosion of publicly available genomic information, such as resulting from the Human Genome Project. Gain a better understanding of gene analysis, taxonomy and evolution. To work efficiently on the rational drug designs and reduce the time taken for the development of drug manually.

4. Field of Bioinformatics: 1.Molecular Medicine 2.Gene Therapy 3.Drug Development 4.Microbial genome applications 5.Crop Improvement 6.Forensic Analysis of Microbes 7.Biotechnology 8.Evolutionary Studies 9.Bio-Weapon Creation

5. Where Bioinformatics help? 1.In Experimental Molecular Biology 2.In Genetics and Genomics 3.In generating Biological Data 4.Analysis of gene and protein expression 5.Comparison of genomic data 6.In Simulation & Modeling of DNA, RNA & Protein

6. Bioinformatics is a multifaceted discipline combining many scientific fields including computational biology, statistics, mathematics, molecular biology and genetics

7. Application of bioinformatics: 1. Molecular medicine 2.Personalized medicine 3.Preventative medicine 4.Gene therapy 5.Drug development 6.Microbial genome applications 7.Waste cleanup

8. Software and tools Software tools for bioinformatics range from simple command-line tools, to more complex graphical programs and standalone web-services available from various bioinformatics companies or public institutions. The computational biology tool best-known among biologists is probably BLAST, an algorithm for determining the similarity of arbitrary sequences against other sequences, possibly from curated databases of protein or DNA sequences BLAST is one of a number of generally available programs for doing sequence alignment. The NCBI provides a popular web-based implementation that searches their databases.

9. Blast BLASTBasic Local Alignment Search Tool It is an algorithm for comparing biological sequences information, such as amino acid sequence of different proteins or the nucleotides of DNA sequences. BLASTBLAST is used to identify library sequences that resembles the query sequences.

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