1. Chapter 2- Cardiac Emergencies and CPR
Chapter 2- Cardiac Emergencies and CPR

2. Video – Signs of Cardiac Arrest (4:28)

3. Introduction
70 Million Americans suffer from a form of cardiovascular disease.
1 million deaths each year
½ result in heart attacks
Death caused by heart attacks has dropped 30%
Stroke related deaths have dropped 50% last 20 years..
Why??
Changes in smoking, eating right and getting regular exercise have resulted in a 30% reduction in deaths from heart attacks

4. The Heart Beats more than 3 billion times in a average lifetime
Is the size of your fist
Located between the lungs and the middle of the chest

5. Signals of a Heart Attack
Major Signal – pain or discomfort in the chest
Indigestion, muscle spasms – difficult to tell
Pressure or tightness, aching
Pain in the center of the chest – may spread to the shoulder, arm, neck, jaw or back
Pain is constant – more than 10 minutes – NEED CARE

6. Signals of A Heart Attack
Difficulty Breathing
Noisy
Short of breath
Breathing faster than normal
Victims Skin may be pale or blue (especially around the face
Face damp with sweat (some sweat heavy)
Change in pulse rate
May be faster or slower than normal
May be irregular

7. In case of a Heart Attack/Cardiac Arrest
Most people die within 2 hours after first signs appear
Many could have been saved with a quick response
Angina Pectoris – medical term for chest pain
-Chest pain or pressure
Happens when exercising or emotionally upset, the heart does not get enough oxygen
-usually have medication to control this

8. Care for a Heart Attack Recognize the signals
Convince victim to stop activity and rest
Help the victim to rest comfortably
Try to obtain information about the victims condition
Comfort the victim
Call emergency #
Assist with medication if prescribed
Monitor victims condition
BE PREPARED TO GIVE CPR

9. When the Heart Stops Beating
Common causes of cardiac arrest:
Heart disease
Drowning
Choking
Certain drugs

10. Main Signal of Cardiac Arrest
The absence of a pulse
Cardiac arrest is when the heart stops beating or beats too poorly to circulate blood properly
Cardiac arrest is life threatening

11. Rescue Breathing Supplies oxygen
Rescue breathing along with chest compressions take over for the lungs and the heart (CPR)

12. Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation
Provides only 1/3 the normal blood flow to the brain
Keeps the brain supplied with oxygen until the victim can get medical care

13. Special Care for Cardiac Arrest
Defibrillator – sends electronic shock through the chest
Shocks assist heart in starting to beat properly again

14. Skill Sheet (GIVE CPR-ADULT (p. 34-36)
Position the body correctly by kneeling beside the person’s upper chest
Find the hand position on the breastbone
Position the shoulder over hands. Compress chest 30 compressions
Open the airway and give 2 slow breaths
Do 3 more sets of 30 compressions and 2 breaths
Recheck pulse
If NO pulse!!!
6. Continue sets of compressions and breaths.

15. Video CPR – Adult or Child (7:46)
CPR – Infant (6:51)

16. Give CPR – CHILD/INFANT p. 38-40
CPR for children Video

17. When to Stop CPR If another trained person takes over CPR for you
If EMS personnel arrive and take over for the victim
IF you are exhausted and unable to care for the victim
If the scene becomes unsafe

18. Preventing Heart Disease
Heart disease is the leading cause of death for adults in the U.S
Deposits of cholesterol (fatty substance made by the body and present in certain foods build up on the inner walls of the arteries.
Arteries gradually narrow – less oxygen flows to the hear.

19. Risk Factors for Heart Disease
Smoking
History heart disease in the family
Diet
Being overweight
Exercise
High Blood Pressure

20. Smoking Twice the change of having a heart attack
2-4 times the chance for cardiac arrest
2nd hand smoke may be as dangerous as smoking

21. Weight Obesity is defined as being 20% over your ideal weight
Weight loss combine with exercise helps
Contributes to:
Heart disease, high blood pressure, gall bladder disease
Deterioration of ligaments and joints

22. Diet Avoid diets high in fat and cholesterol
Diets high in fat decrease blood flow
Moderations is the key
Substitute fruits and vegetables

23. Exercise Build up cardiovascular fitness, exercise the heart
3 times a week for minutes
Continuous and vigorous to maintain target heart rate

24. Blood Pressure
Can be controlled by losing weight and changing your diet
Medication can control it
Regular Check-ups

25. General Rule Burn more calories than you take in will = Weight loss
Find BMR
Base Metabolic Rate

26. Living Wills

27. Living Will - Terri Schiavo Story
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