1. Special Materials Management – Household Hazardous Waste
Kenn Webb – ECOFLO
September 20, 2017

2. Hazardous Waste in the Home
Acids
Reactions
Fires & Explosions
Gases

3. Safety never takes a holiday…
Paul Blart, Mall Cop

4. Acids
Failure to Review Contents and Follow Instructions may Lead to Injury
Hydrofluoric Acid (HF)
Muriatic Acid (HCl)
Acidic Drain Cleaners…more in Reactions…

5. Acids Take Care to Make Proper PPE Selection Masonry Cleaner with
Diedrich Masonry Cleaner with HCl and HF
Masonry Cleaner with
HCl and HF

6. Reactions
Failure to Properly Segregate may Lead to Combining Incompatible Materials
Ammonia and Bleach
Acids and Bases

7. Ammonia + Bleach Ammonia & Bleach are both caustic… they react when
combined
to form…
The bleach decomposes to form hydrochloric acid, which reacts with ammonia to form toxic chloramine fumes:
First the hydrochloric acid is formed:
NaOCl → NaOH + HOCl
HOCl → HCl + O
And then the ammonia and chlorine gas react to form chloramine, which is released as a vapor:
NaOCl + 2HCl → Cl2 + NaCl + H2O
2NH3 + Cl2 → 2NH2Cl
If ammonia is present in excess (which it may or may not be, depending on your mixture), toxic and potentially explosive liquid hydrazine may be formed. While impure hydrazine tends not to explode, it's still toxic, plus it can boil and spray hot toxic liquid.
NH3 = ammonia
HCl = hydrochloric acid
NaOCl = sodium hypochlorite (bleach)
Cl = chlorine
Cl2 = chlorine gas
NH2Cl = chloramine
N2H4 = hydrazine
NaCl = sodium chloride or salt
H2O = water

8. Ammonia + Bleach NaOCl (bleach) → NaOH + HOCl HOCl → HCl + O
NaOCl + 2HCl → Cl2 (chlorine gas) + NaCl + H2O
2NH3 + Cl2 → 2NH2Cl (chloramine)
2NH3 + NaOCl → N2H4 + NaCl + H2O
The bleach decomposes to form hydrochloric acid, which reacts with ammonia to form toxic chloramine fumes:
First the hydrochloric acid is formed:
NaOCl → NaOH + HOCl
HOCl → HCl + O
And then the ammonia and chlorine gas react to form chloramine, which is released as a vapor:
NaOCl + 2HCl → Cl2 + NaCl + H2O
2NH3 + Cl2 → 2NH2Cl
If ammonia is present in excess (which it may or may not be, depending on your mixture), toxic and potentially explosive liquid hydrazine may be formed. While impure hydrazine tends not to explode, it's still toxic, plus it can boil and spray hot toxic liquid.
NH3 = ammonia
HCl = hydrochloric acid
NaOCl = sodium hypochlorite (bleach)
Cl = chlorine
Cl2 = chlorine gas
NH2Cl = chloramine
N2H4 = hydrazine
NaCl = sodium chloride or salt
H2O = water
N2H4 = hydrazine

9. Reactions
Retail stores also don’t understand incompatibility with alkaline (bleach) and acidic toilet bowl cleaner

10. Reactions

11. Reactions Which one is Caustic? Drain Cleaners
Hot Power, Clobber, Liquid Fire, Super Ream
Drain Cleaners

12. …but the drain is clear now
Results from combining acidic and basic drain cleaners

13. Fires and Explosions
Lithium Batteries
Oxidizers
Others

14. Lithium Batteries
Stretchable lithium-ion battery developed to complement stretchable electronics
Ceramic tiles coated with battery paints and then heat-sealed powered LEDs spelling out "RICE" for six hours in an experiment at Rice University. The lithium-ion batteries can be painted on virtually any surface. [Credit: Jeff Fitlow/Rice University]
The rechargeable battery can stretch, twist, and bend -- and return to normal shape.
Northwestern University
and University of Illinois March 2013
Rice researchers develop spray-on battery materials
08/14/12
Ceramic tiles coated with battery paints and then
heat-sealed powered LEDs for six hours…

15. Lithium Batteries Electronic Cigarette Explodes In
Man's Mouth, Burns His Face
Feb. 27, 2012
Pensacola, FL
it fits comfortably on the head of pin and could potentially power tiny medical devices or miniature robotsElectronic Cigarette Explodes In Man's Mouth, Burns His Face – Huffington Post
Pin-Size Battery Printed in 3-D
Scientific American
June 20, 2013

16. Lithium Battery Fires Toxco Fire – British Columbia (Nov 9, 2009)
Lithium batteries involved in UPS plane fire
(Sept 20, 2010)
Toxco Fire – British Columbia (Nov 9, 2009)
it fits comfortably on the head of pin and could potentially power tiny medical devices or miniature robotsElectronic Cigarette Explodes In Man's Mouth, Burns His Face – Huffington Post
Veolia – Columbus, OH (January 2010)
Highway Re-opens After Truck-Hazmat Fire

17. Oxidizers
Pool Chlorine Tablets
Toilet pucks
Stump Removers

18. Oxidizers

19. A home business??

20. Picric Acid at Home!! Trinitrophenol 2013 NC HHW 2010 NC HHW

21. Chemistry Kits….really??

22. Label reads: “Picric Acid” aka 2,4,6 - trinitrophenol
What is this used for?
Yellow dye for silk, antiseptic, burn treatments, explosives
Label reads: “Picric Acid” aka 2,4,6 - trinitrophenol

23. Compare Picric Acid to….
Trinitrotoluene aka TNT
(Note: TNT is not dynamite which is nitroglycerin based)

24. TNT….

25. As I was saying…compare Picric Acid to TNT….
2,4,6 - Trinitrophenol
2,4,6 - Trinitrotoluene

26. Received at City Collection Center
Blasting caps comprised of: mercury fulminate, lead azide, lead styphnate and tetryl. Recommended primary explosive is DDNP because it is nontoxic, easy to make. Diazodinitrophenol (DDNP) is a yellowish brown powder
Left at the gate when facility was not open

27. More Items Dropped at HHW
Ammonium Dichromate

28. More Items Dropped at HHW
Marine Flares, Military Signal Flares or Smoke Grenades

29. Gases
Materials that generate gases
Asphyxiants
Toxic or Obnoxious

30. Gases - Asphyxiants
Asphyxiant gases displace or reduce the amount of oxygen in breathing air.

31. Gases - Asphyxiant
Fatal Exposure to Methylene Chloride Among Bathtub Refinishers — United States, 2000–2011
February 24, 2012
13 deaths in 9 states during this period attributed to MeCl from bathtub refinishing…

32. Gases - Asphyxiant What is it? “1940-50 Fire Extinguisher”
Carbon tetrachloride
“ Fire Extinguisher”

33. Gases - Asphyxiant
Carbon tetrachloride
Another Fire Extinguisher

34. Gases - Obnoxious What is It? “Tamper Pack for a Safe”
Chloropicrin (tear gas)
“Tamper Pack for a Safe”

35. Don’t Cut Corners with Safety

36. Your takeaway… …the mind is the only weapon
that doesn't need a holster
- Paul Blart, Mall Cop

37. Thank You

38. Kenn Webb – VP, Operations
(336)
Thank You!
&
Be Safe