1. Water Quality of Eutrophicated Segment of Yamuna River in U.P. Ravines
Rama Pal, R.K. Dubey, S.K. Dubey and A.K. Singh
ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Research Centre, Chhalesar, Agra (Uttar Pradesh) India
Introduction
By the year 2025, 2/3rd wold’s population will be facing water shortage.
According to UN surveyed report, India is expected to face critical levels of water stress by 2025.
Increased urbanisation and industrialisation, in Delhi and U.P. , in recent 15 years has led to deterioration of river Yamuna.
So, it is very important to monitor quality of river water continuously in order to take initiative for the conservation of Yamuna river which is also the lifeline of riverine ecosystem.
Water quality of river Yamuna
About RiverYamuna
Fig.4. Faecal Coliform indicating a high sewage pollution
Fig.2. DO levels revealing nearly lifeless Yamuna
Fig.3. BOD levels confirming Yamuna a dirty drain
YAP Phase
Start Date
Scheduled time for completion
Total cost (billion INR)
YAP I
1993
2002, 2003
7.32
YAP II
2004
2008, 2011
6.24
YAP III
2013
2019
1.66
Input = Funds
Output = Pollution
Fig.1 Cities Contributing to Pollution Load
Table 1. Till date investments under Yamuna Action Plan
Fig.5. Balance Sheet
STPs could be the answer to curb Yamuna pollution, but……..underutilised.
MLD for Delhi/WW-Gen 3743 MLD
327 MLD for Haryana/WW-Gen 655 MLD
403.25MLD for Uttar Pradesh/WW-Gen 1079 MLD
Options for Conservation…….
Bioremediation
Organic farming
Agricultural runoff management/ conservation
Public participation
Public awareness/ programs