1. of Democracy in England
The Rise
of Democracy in England

2. http://www. schooltube

3. Need 14 Flashcards- How did these people and events contribute to or hurt the rise of democracy in England
1. Oliver Cromwell
9. Constitutional Monarchy
2. Charles I
10. Magna Carta
3. Charles II
11. Common Law
4. The Restoration
12. English Civil War
5. Whigs and Tories
13. Bill of Rights
6. William and Mary
14. Cabinet
7. The Glorious Revolution
8. Parliament

4. Background Henry II- 1154-1189 King John- 1215- very unpopular
Jury Trial
“Common Law”- a single legal system for everyone (rich and poor).
King John very unpopular
Magna Carta – guarantees people certain political rights
Put limits on the monarchy
Due Process- king could not unfairly punish the people
No taxation without consent of the parliament

5. Background Queen Elizabeth
During Queen Elizabeth’s reign she had frequent conflicts with parliament
Parliament- law making body, also handed out the money
Rulers saw the parliament’s financial power as an obstacle to becoming an absolute monarchs

6. Review Questions What is parliament?
Why didn’t absolute monarchs like parliament?
What is common law?
What is the Magna Carta?
What is Due Process?

7. King James
King James 1
James I believed he had absolute authority to rule and did not need the consent of the parliament
Parliament was reluctant to pay for James’ expensive court and foreign wars
Died in his son Charles I took the throne

8. Charles I
King Charles 1
Charles I always needed money to fight wars in both Spain and France
Several times when Parliament refused to give him money he got rid of parliament
In 1628, Charles was forced to sign the Petition of Rights
He would not imprison subjects without cause
He would not levy taxes without the consent of the Parliament
He would not house soldiers in private homes
After agreeing to The Petition of Rights, Charles ignored it. B/C it aimed to take way some of his divine absolute powers

9. Review Questions
Were King James and Charles I absolute monarchs? Why or why not?
Why was the Petition of Rights signed?

10. Charles I Continued
In 1629 Charles I did away with the Parliament permanently and in order to raise money he taxed his people heavily
His popularity decreased and a Civil War occurred

11. English Civil War
From 1642 to 1649 –supporters and opponents of King Charles I fought
Supporters of King Charles = Royalists or Cavaliers
Opponents- were called Puritans and were loyal to the Parliament

12. English Civil War
In 1644 the war was at a stand still until a Puritan was named the new general , Oliver Cromwell
1646- Cromwell captures Charles I and tried him with treason and executed him

13. Cromwell Rules
At First- Cromwell abolishes the monarch and establishes a republican form of government.
Then………….. He becomes power hungry and creates a military dictatorship

14. Review Questions
Why was the Civil War fought?
What was the name for people who supported King Charles?
What was the name for people who opposed King Charles?

15. The Restoration
In 1658 Cromwell died and his government collapsed, parliament was restored and Charles II was asked to rule
Charles II reign is known as “The Restoration” because he restored the monarchy

16. The Restoration
He passed the Habeas Corpus- criminals were now brought before a judge and then it was decided if they were going to be tried—not by a monarch
Charles II had no son, so a dispute evolved over who should rule next

17. First time political parties
Supported Charles Catholic brother James- Called Tories
Opposed James- Whigs
First time political parties

18. Review Questions
Who killed Charles I?
What did Charles II restore?
Why was the Habeas Corpus passed?
What were the first political parities?

19. Glorious Revolution James II became King and flaunted his Catholicism.
1st- Put Catholics in office
2nd- Dissolved Parliament when they spoke out
3rd- had a son, people feared it would created a catholic dynasty

20. Glorious Revolution
James had an older daughter named Mary, who was a protestant. Mary was married to William and they were asked by Parliament to overthrow James II.
The bloodless, overthrowing of James is referred to as the Glorious Revolution

21. Political Changes- Constitutional Monarchy
1st- William and Mary recognized Parliaments power, creating a constitutional monarchy, where laws limit the power of the monarchy.

22. Political Changes- Bill of Rights
2nd- Bill of Rights- placed limits on royal power
1.No suspending of Parliament’s laws
2. No levying taxes without permission from Parliament
3. Free Speech

23. Political Changes- Cabinet System
3rd- Cabinet system developed
To avoid a standstill between parliament and the monarch they created a 3rd branch
Cabinet- policy making and is headed by the Prime Minister

24. Review Questions
Why was the Glorious Revolution considered “glorious”?
Who came to power during the Glorious Revolution?
Why was the Bill of Rights important?
What was the Cabinet and why was it important?

25. Word Bank 1. Hobbes 10. Copernicus 11. Newton 2. Locke 3. Montesquieu
12. Voltaire
13. Montesquieu
4. Rousseau
14. Montesquieu
5. Locke
15. Harvey
6. Montesquieu
16. Kepler
7. Locke
17. Frederick the Great
8. Louis XIV
9. Peter the Great