1. Launching the Nation Chapter 9

2. Section 1: Laying the Foundations of Government
Identify why GW was chosen as 1st Prez
Explain the steps that Congress and the president took to organize the new govt
How can the government achieve the Preamble goals

3. A. Choosing a President
Electoral College- group of electors that are suppose to vote for president the way the public does but do not have to
Chose GW unanimously
Was hesitant to be first prez
John Adams first VP
Sworn in in New York

4. B. A New Republic Republican Motherhood- what role should women play?
4 million people, most live in countryside, most never considered themselves part of a larger nation
New York basically first capital

5. C. Setting Precedents Precedent- example to be followed
Cabinet- not in the constitution
Treasury- AH
Secretary of State- TJ
Secretary of War- HK
Postmaster General- Samuel Osgood
Judiciary Act- set up federal courts with three levels
District, court of appeals, Supreme Court- 6 justices

6. Section 2: Hamilton and National Finances
Evaluate AH plan to repay national and state debts
Compare Hamilton’s and Thomas Jefferson’s view on democracy
Describe Hamilton’s and Jefferson’s disagreement about the national bank
What is our current national debt? Good or bad?

7. A. Settling Debt Hamilton challenge- pay off national debt Bonds-
Owed 11.7 million to foreign nations and 40 million to Americans
Bonds-
Speculators- bought up bonds
Would gain credibility as a country if we could pay our debt

8. B. State Debts Hamilton wanted to pay sate’s war debt
Southern states upset- they paid their debts already
Compromise
New capital moved to South to approve Hamilton’s plan
Washington D.C. on Potomac River chosen
Debt plan approved

9. C. Hamilton vs. Jefferson
Did not get along
Hamilton- strong government ran by the elite
Jefferson- weak government ran by the all the people
Hamilton- must focus on industry
Jefferson- small farmers
Protective Tariff-

10. D. Debate over the Bank Hamilton wanted to establish a National Bank
Jefferson- NOT in the constitution
Strict vs. Loose Construction
Jefferson believed in strict interpretation of constitution
Do only what it says you can
Hamilton believed in loose construction-
Do as long as constitution doesn’t specifically say you can’t
Made Elastic clause more flexible
Washington agreed with Hamilton-
Chartered the Bank of the United States in 1791 for 20 years.
Provided stability for the economy

11. Section 3: Troubles Abroad
Explain Americans response to French Revolution
Analyze GW’s foreign policy
Describe how the US settled its disputes with Britain and Spain
What is foreign policy?

12. A. French Revolution French Revolution- should US support?
GB declared war on new French Republic- we were technically their allies
Jefferson and Randolph supported French
Hamilton and Knox wanted closer ties with GB
Washington- Neutrality Proclamation- remain neutral
Genet- French diplomat- recruited privateers
1793- Jefferson resigned over neutrality

13. B. Jay’s Treaty British seize American ships Also inciting the Natives
Seize hundreds of sailors and impress them into British Navy
Also inciting the Natives
1794- Jay’s Treaty-
Agreed to pay damages
Leave forts in the west
US would pay its debts

14. C. Pinckney's Treaty
US and Spain agreed on Spanish border with Florida and US
Right of deposit in New Orleans
Opened the port to Americans
Signed October 1795

15. Section 4: Challenges at Home
Explain why Natives in Northwest territory went to war with US
Identify causes of the Whiskey Rebellion
Analyze Washington’s message in his farewell address
What advice could you give at the end of your presidential term?

16. A. Conflict in the Northwest Territory
Nothwest territory Natives- supplied weapons by British
Refused to sell their land
Little Turtle- Miami Indian chief that united tribes of area
Defeated St. Clair and his 2,000 troops
Battle of Fallen Timbers
General Anthony Wayne- delayed battle while Natives fasted
Defeated Natives, burned villages
Treaty of Greenville- Gave up lands and guaranteed peace

17. B. Whiskey Rebellion Tax on whiskey upset many farmers in Penn.
Washington himself led an army of 10,000 to put down the rebellion
Rebellion quit without a fight

18. C. Washington’s Farewell Address
Willing stepped down after 2 terms
Set tradition of peaceful transition of power
Farwell address
Warned against political parties, foreign alliances, and public debt

19. Section 5: John Adam’s Presidency
Explain the role of political parties in election 0f 1796
Identify and describe Adams foreign-policy crises
Analyze the election of 1800
What happens when the current president loses an election?

20. A. The Election of 1796
Political Parties develop- groups that organize and help get public officials elected
Federalist
Popular in NE
Strengthen federal govt
Promote industry
Nominate John Adams and Thomas Pinckney
Democratic Republicans
Started by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison
Preserve power of state govts
Popular in south and west
Favored the farmers
Jefferson and Aaron Burr were their candidates

21. A. Election cont. Very ugly election
Name calling and deceit
Adams won 71 electoral votes to 68
By rule, Jefferson now VP
????

22. B. XYZ Affair Wanted to improve relations with France
French ships attacking US ships at sea
US. Diplomats suppose to meet with French Talleyrand
However- were asked for a bribe of 250,000 and loan of 12 million before they even met
XYZ affair infuriated the nation
Adams refused to go to war, worked to sign a treaty
Took a lot of criticism but treaty signed in 1800

23. C. Alien and Sedition Act
Federalist wanted to silence critics
Thought it was treason to criticize the govt
Alien and Sedition Act
Allowed president expel foreign citizens
Made illegal to criticize against govt
Made it harder to become a citizen
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions- argued that these laws were unconstitutional
Said states could ignore federal laws they thought unconstitutional
Eventually A&SA repealed

24. D. Election of 1800 Adams not very popular by end of term
Criticized by Jefferson and the Republicans
Jefferson and Burr both get 73 votes
Adams 65 and Pinckney 64
Voted 35 times Jefferson and Burr still tied
Hamilton through support behind Jefferson, thought Burr was crazy
Burr eventually shoots Hamilton in a duel
Jefferson becomes Prez
12 amendment- vote for Prez and VP separately