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1 Welcome to Presentation Plus!
Presentation Plus! Glencoe World Geography Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Developed by FSCreations, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio Send all inquiries to: GLENCOE DIVISION Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 8787 Orion Place Columbus, Ohio Welcome to Presentation Plus!

2 Splash Screen

3 Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slides.
Chapter Introduction Section 1 Living in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia Section 2 People and Their Environment Chapter Summary & Study Guide Chapter Assessment Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slides. Contents

4 Intro 1

5 Chapter Objectives Describe ways of life in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia.  Discuss efforts to improve the region’s supply of freshwater and to meet environmental challenges. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Intro 2

6 As you read this chapter, use your journal to describe what life is like in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia today. Note specific details that show similarities or differences among the various countries of this diverse region. Intro 3

7 End of Intro

8 Living in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia
Objectives Discuss how physical geography affects farming and fishing in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia.  List the region’s important industries.  Explain how improvements in transportation and communications are changing life in the region. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-1

9 Living in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia
Terms to Know arable  commodity  petrochemical  gross domestic product (GDP)  hajj  embargo Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-2

10 Living in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia
Places to Locate Saudi Arabia  Israel  Kuwait  Morocco  Istanbul  Gulf of Aqaba  Strait of Hormuz  Baku Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-3

11 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.
Section 1-4

12 In 1999 the United States imported nearly $42 billion worth of petroleum products from the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Most of the 11 OPEC countries are in Southwest Asia or North Africa. OPEC countries make an enormous profit from their trade with the United States; they imported only $20 billion worth of goods and services from the United States in 1999. Section 1-5

13 Meeting Food Needs Producing food for a rapidly growing population is a challenge in many parts of the region.  More developed countries, such as Saudi Arabia, use oil profits to import food.  Less developed countries, such as Afghanistan, often grow their own food despite small yields. (pages 463–465) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-6

14 Meeting Food Needs (cont.)
Agriculture Only a small part of the region’s land is farmable, but many people work in agriculture.  Grains and fruit are important crops. Livestock, cotton, silkworms, and tea are also important to certain areas. (pages 463–465) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-7

15 Meeting Food Needs (cont.)
Fishing Fishing is a major industry that provides an important source of food.  The Persian Gulf has about 150 edible species of fish. (pages 463–465) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-8

16 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Meeting Food Needs (cont.) How do people in the region manage during crop failures? Possible answers: Countries import food if they aren’t able to grow enough in a given year. People rely on fish to make up the balance, or eat packaged and processed foods when fresh foods are not available. (pages 463–465) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-9

17 Industrial Growth Oil, Natural Gas, and Mining North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia supplies much of the world’s petroleum.  Iran and Saudi Arabia have developed oil-refining and oil-shipping facilities.  In some countries, natural gas supports manufacturing, and mining provides export income. (pages 465–466) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-10

18 Industrial Growth (cont.)
Service Industries Service industries and tourism play a large part in some of the region’s economies.  North Africa and Southwest Asia are favorite tourist destinations.  Religious conflicts and political instability, however, have discouraged tourism in some countries. (pages 465–466) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-11

19 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Industrial Growth (cont.) Why would a country like Iran discourage foreign visitors, when tourism is a significant source of income? Some countries may want to limit unwanted foreign influences brought by visitors. (pages 465–466) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-12

20 Transportation and Communications
Roads, Railroads, and Airlines Iran, Turkey, and Egypt are crisscrossed by extensive highway systems.  Mountains and deserts in some countries pose obstacles to road construction.  Rapid transit systems are beginning to appear in cities such as Istanbul.  Since the breakup of the Soviet Union, Central Asian countries have set up their own airlines. (pages 466–468) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-13

21 Transportation and Communications (cont.)
Waterways and Pipelines The region’s economies depend heavily on water transportation.  Merchant traffic, such as oil tankers, enters and leaves through the Strait of Tiran, between the Gulf of Aqaba and the Red Sea, or the Strait of Hormuz, linking the Persian Gulf with the Arabian Sea. (pages 466–468) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-14

22 Transportation and Communications (cont.)
The Suez Canal, lying between the Sinai Peninsula and the rest of Egypt, enables ships to pass from the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea.  Pipelines carry oil from its sources to various ports on the Mediterranean and Red Seas and the Persian Gulf. (pages 466–468) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-15

23 Transportation and Communications (cont.)
Communications Television and radio broadcasting is expanding, and satellite technology is improving communications.  Many people in major cities rely on cellular phones for communication. (pages 466–468) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-16

24 Transportation and Communications (cont.)
Two New Silk Roads In 1998 over 16,000 miles of cable were laid along the route of the ancient Silk Road, providing digital access to 20 countries.  Plans are underway to build a network of road, rail, and air transportation systems tracing the Silk Road’s path. (pages 466–468) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-17

25 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.
Transportation and Communications (cont.) (pages 466–468) Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. Section 1-18

26 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Transportation and Communications (cont.) What kinds of lifestyle changes can the people of this region expect with digital access? The expansion of telephones, computers, and fax machines will extend and speed up contacts between the region and other parts of the world. (pages 466–468) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-19

27 Interdependence Wealthier countries in the region, such as Saudi Arabia, are helping developing countries, such as the Central Asian republics.  Aid includes trade deals and development loans.  The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) includes eight countries in the region.  OPEC has given its members control over oil prices and production rates. (page 468 ) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-20

28 Interdependence (cont.)
Because other countries depend heavily on the region’s oil, OPEC has considerable world power and influence.  For example, when the United States aided Israel during the 1973 Arab-Israeli war, OPEC reduced shipments of oil to the United States. (page 468 ) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-21

29 Interdependence (cont.)
Industrialized countries like the United States depend on oil from the region, and the region depends on the export of this product.  Both sides recognize that, despite political and economic disagreements, they need to work together. (page 468 ) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 1-22

30 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Interdependence (cont.) How does oil wealth affect relationships among countries in the region? Although oil production gives some countries in the region great power, other countries are still developing. Sharing the benefits of oil wealth would contribute to a higher standard of living and more stability within the region. (page 468 ) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-23

31 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.
Checking for Understanding Define Match each definition in the left column with the appropriate term in the right column. __ 1. chemical product derived from petroleum or natural gas __ 2. goods produced for sale __ 3. in Islam, the yearly pilgrimage to Makkah __ 4. a ban on trade __ 5. suitable for growing crops __ 6. the value of goods and services created within a country in a year C A. arable B. commodity C. petrochemical D. gross domestic product (GDP) E. hajj F. embargo B E F A D Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Section 1-24

32 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Critical Thinking Drawing Conclusions Why does this region refine only a small amount of the oil it produces? It is easier and cheaper for other countries to simply import crude oil. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-25

33 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Critical Thinking Predicting Consequences How might recent advances in communications technology help unify the region and change its cultures? Possible answer: Greater trade and an exchange of ideas may modernize lifestyles. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-26

34 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Critical Thinking Identifying Cause and Effect Why do oil prices rise and fall? How do these changes affect global consumers? OPEC controls the prices and sometimes raises them for political reasons. High prices can cripple the economic development of countries and make them dependent on the oil-producing countries. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-27

35 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Analyzing Maps Region Study the economic activity map below. In what areas of the region are oil deposits most abundant? Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 1-28

36 Analyzing Maps Oil deposits are most abundant in the Persian Gulf and Caspian Sea areas, Algeria, Libya, and Egypt. Section 1-29

37 Applying Geography Effects of Transportation List recent changes in global transportation and communications. Then create a graphic organizer showing how these changes have affected everyday life in the region. Section 1-30

38 Close Complete the following statement: The most significant influence on the economies of North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia is __________________. Section 1-31

39 End of Section 1

40 People and Their Environment
Objectives Describe how the peoples in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia have dealt with scarce water resources.  Discuss the causes and effects of environmental problems in the region. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-1

41 People and Their Environment
Terms to Know aquifer  desalination Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-2

42 People and Their Environment
Places to Locate Tripoli  Aswan High Dam  Elburz Mountains  Dead Sea  Aral Sea Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-3

43 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.
Section 2-4

44 Egypt’s Suez Canal links the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea
Egypt’s Suez Canal links the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. The canal is 121 miles (195 km) long and was built by a French corporation, with Egyptian labor, between 1859 and Great Britain took over control of the canal six years later. In 1956, the last British troops departed, and Egypt now controls the Suez Canal. Section 2-5

45 The Need for Water Water Resources North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia have limited sources of freshwater.  Much of it comes from rivers, oases, and aquifers.  Only a few countries have enough water for irrigation. (pages 469–472) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-6

46 The Need for Water (cont.)
Desalination One solution to limited water resources is desalination–the removal of salt from seawater.  The region’s desalination plants produce about 2.4 billion gallons (9.1 billion liters) of water per day.  An Ancient Solution Ancient Nabataeans, who lived in what is now Jordan, “harvested” rainwater, storing it in a system of pipes and cisterns for use throughout the year. (pages 469–472) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-7

47 The Need for Water (cont.)
The “Great Man-Made River” Libya’s “great man-made river” is an ambitious project to supply freshwater.  Two pipelines carry water from large aquifers beneath the Sahara to farms near the Mediterranean coast. (pages 469–472) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-8

48 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
The Need for Water (cont.) What might be an alternative solution to water shortages? Possible answer: Countries might import bottled water from places that have freshwater in abundance. (pages 469–472) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-9

49 Environmental Concerns
The Aswan Dam The Aswan High Dam, 600 miles south of Cairo, irrigates 3 million acres (1.2 million ha) of land and provides nearly half of Egypt’s electric power.  It also has created the world’s largest artificial lake.  The dam, however, has blocked the Nile’s natural process of depositing fertile soil and washing salt from the soil when it floods each year. (pages 472–473) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-10

50 Environmental Concerns (cont.)
Farmers now must fertilize the soil by other means.  Egypt is working to overcome these problems. (pages 472–473) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-11

51 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.
Environmental Concerns (cont.) (pages 472–473) Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. Section 2-12

52 Environmental Concerns (cont.)
The Persian Gulf War War in the region has had a negative effect on the environment.  During the Persian Gulf War of 1991, Iraqi troops retreating from Kuwait set fire to oil wells and dumped about 250 million gallons (947 million liters) of oil into the Persian Gulf.  The long-term effects of the smoke and oil pollution are still unknown. (pages 472–473) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-13

53 Environmental Concerns (cont.)
Nuclear and Chemical Dangers Central Asian countries have inherited the Soviet era’s environmental problems.  For example, radiation leaks from Soviet nuclear testing have contaminated areas of Kazakhstan. (pages 472–473) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-14

54 Environmental Concerns (cont.)
Three Troubled Seas The Caspian, Dead, and Aral Seas face environmental challenges.  Pollution and overfishing threaten fish in the Caspian Sea.  The Dead Sea’s water level has dropped drastically over the past 40 years because water has been diverted for irrigation and hydroelectric plants. (pages 472–473) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-15

55 Environmental Concerns (cont.)
The Aral Sea has had water diverted from feeder rivers to irrigate cropland.  People living by the Aral Sea are now working to revive the sea as a chain of lakes that can support fish. (pages 472–473) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Section 2-16

56 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Environmental Concerns (cont.) What factors prevent countries near these threatened seas from developing alternatives to overuse of these water sources. Possible answers: It is difficult to make changes in a process that, in spite of its environmental impact, functions adequately and that people are accustomed to. Alternative processes might be more expensive, take a long time to develop, or disrupt other segments of the economy. (pages 472–473) Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-17

57 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.
Checking for Understanding Define Match each definition in the left column with the appropriate term in the right column. __ 1. underground water-bearing layers of porous rock, sand, or gravel __ 2. the removal of salt from seawater to make it usable for drinking and farming A A. aquifer B. desalination B Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Section 2-18

58 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Critical Thinking Drawing Conclusions Have the effects of the Aswan High Dam been mostly positive or mostly negative? Explain. The negative effects are generally outweighed by the positive effects of flood control. Continual irrigation which allows for a year-round growing season and the generation of electricity. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-19

59 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Critical Thinking Predicting Outcomes What problems might occur if new sources of water are not found for the region? If new sources of water are not found for the region, an increase in disease and famine, or even war might occur. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-20

60 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Critical Thinking Comparing and Contrasting How are the problems facing this region’s seas similar? Different? All three seas have had water from their feeder rivers diverted for irrigation. The Caspian’s main problem, however, is pollution. The Dead Sea and Aral Sea suffer most from shrinkage. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-21

61 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Analyzing Maps Region Study the precipitation map below. What kind of vegetation would you expect to find in most of Kazakhstan? Why? Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Section 2-22

62 Analyzing Maps Short grasses, brush, and some trees as found in steppe climates. Most of the area receives less than 20 inches of precipitation a year. Section 2-23

63 Applying Geography Planning for the Future Think about the needs of this region. Write a plan to address its water needs in the future. Section 2-24

64 Close Write brief cause-and-effect reports on various environmental concerns in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia. Share your reports with the class. Section 2-25

65 End of Section 2

66 Section 1: Living in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Africa
(pages 463–468) Key Points Although North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia have limited arable land, a relatively large percentage of the region’s people work in agriculture.  The oil-producing countries in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia have experienced greater economic growth than other countries in the region. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Chapter Summary 1

67 Section 1: Living in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Africa
(pages 463–468) Key Points Expanded and more advanced transportation and communications systems are helping connect the region’s urban and economic centers with one another and with the world.  Interdependence is increasing among the countries of the region, especially in controlling oil production and prices. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Chapter Summary 2

68 Section 2: People and Their Environment (pages 469–473)
Key Points Countries in the region have modified their environments to meet people’s needs for water for drinking and irrigation.  New technologies and destructive wars have subjected the region’s environment to stress.  People are working to revive areas damaged by past events. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Chapter Summary 3

69 End of Chapter Summary

70 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.
Reviewing Key Terms Insert the key term that best completes each of the following sentences. aquifers arable commodities desalination embargoes hajj petrochemicals gross domestic product (GDP) 1. Underground layers of porous rock, gravel, or sand that contain water are called ____________. 2. _____________________ is the value of goods and services produced in a country in a year. 3. _____________________ is the process that removes salt from seawater. 4. Government restrictions on buying or selling certain goods are called ___________________. aquifers Gross domestic product Desalination embargoes Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Chapter Assessment 1

71 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.
Reviewing Key Terms Insert the key term that best completes each of the following sentences. aquifers arable commodities desalination embargoes hajj petrochemicals gross domestic product (GDP) 5. ___________________ are products derived from petroleum or natural gas. 6. The ___________________ is the pilgrimage to Makkah made by many Muslims. 7. Land that is suitable for farming is ___________________. 8. Petroleum is one of the main economic goods, or ___________________ exported by the region. Petrochemicals hajj arable commodities Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Chapter Assessment 2

72 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Reviewing Facts Section 1: Living in North Africa, Southwest Asia and Central Asia How has natural gas helped advance the region’s industrial growth? Natural gas has helped advance the region’s industrial growth by powering steel, textile, and electricity production in various countries. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 3

73 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Reviewing Facts Section 1: Living in North Africa, Southwest Asia and Central Asia Why do some countries in North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia discourage tourism? Some countries discourage tourism to limit unwanted foreign influences. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 4

74 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Reviewing Facts Section 1: Living in North Africa, Southwest Asia and Central Asia Why is most freight carried by road in Armenia? Roads are the only access to the outside world. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 5

75 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Reviewing Facts Section 2: People and Their Environment What, and where, is the “great man-made river” project? The “great man-made river” project is Libya’s multibillion-dollar freshwater pipeline. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 6

76 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Reviewing Facts Section 2: People and Their Environment How did the Persian Gulf War affect the environment of the region? Smoke polluted the area and oil polluted the water of the Persian Gulf. Thousands of fish and other marine life died, as did birds. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 7

77 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Reviewing Facts Section 2: People and Their Environment What has caused the water levels of the Dead and Aral Seas to drop? Diversion of feeder rivers has caused the water levels to drop. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 8

78 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Critical Thinking Making Inferences Why is industrial growth limited in some parts of the region? Industrial growth is limited in some parts because countries without wealth from oil or other major exports cannot afford the materials and fuel needed for industrialization. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 9

79 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Critical Thinking Analyzing Information How does the region of North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia compare with other world regions in terms of economic opportunities for women? Opportunities for women range from favorable in Israel and Turkey to poor in Afghanistan. The less developed the economy, the less opportunities. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 10

80 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
Critical Thinking Identifying Cause and Effect List examples of economic growth in the region and the effects of each on the environment. Then write a paragraph that explains the impact of one of them. Possible answer: Economic growth has provided money for desalination plants and has led further development of natural resources, which has sometimes polluted the environment.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 11

81 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.
Locating Places Match the letters on the map with the places and physical features of North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia. B G I H E A J C D F L K __1. Libya __2. Turkey __3. Kuwait __4. Shatt al Arab __5. Jordan __6. Morocco __7. Persian Gulf __8. Ural River __9. Hindu Kush __10. Sinai Peninsula __11. Turkmenistan __12. Makkah Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Chapter Assessment 12

82 Explore online information about the topics introduced in this chapter.
Click on the Connect button to launch your browser and go to the Glencoe World Geography Web site. At this site, you will find interactive activities, current events information, and Web sites correlated with the chapters and units in the textbook. When you finish exploring, exit the browser program to return to this presentation. If you experience difficulty connecting to the Web site, manually launch your Web browser and go to Geography Online

83 Choose the best answer for each of the following multiple-choice questions. If you have trouble answering the questions, use the process of elimination to narrow your choices. STP 1

84 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
1. Imagine that you are hired to create a sketch map of Egypt to show the importance of the Nile River to Egypt’s people. What combination of information would be the most useful to show? A Coastal areas, mountains, and oil and phosphate resources B Population density, commercial farming, and deserts C Population density, subsistence farming, and city locations D Deserts, plateaus, and mountains Test-Taking Tip Use the Process of Elimination (POE) to answer this question. First, consider the physical features, land use, resources, and population patterns near the Nile River. Then, eliminate answer choices that contain even one feature or resource that is not likely to be found along the river. Choose your answer from those that remain. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. STP 2

85 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
2. What set of latitude lines would be best to use on your sketch map of Egypt and the Nile River? F 40°N, 50°N, 60°N G 20°S, 25°S, 30°S H 30°S, 0°N, 30°N J 20°N, 35°N, 70°N Test-Taking Tip Use POE to answer this question. First, visualize where Egypt lies in relation to the Equator on a map. Then, eliminate coordinates that are likely to be too far from Egypt. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. STP 3

86 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.
How have changes in transportation and communication affected the pattern of economic activities in the region? Improvements have overcome barriers imposed by deserts and mountains. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Chapter Assessment 13

87 End of Chapter Assessment

88 Interdisciplinary Connection 1
Economics OPEC showed its economic might when it raised the price of oil from $2 per barrel in 1973 to almost 20 times that by To buy oil, the poorer countries of the world had to borrow great sums at high interest rates. Interdisciplinary Connection 1

89 Caspian Sea In the early 1980s when the Soviet Union controlled fishing in the Caspian Sea, sturgeon catches averaged 20,000 to 26,000 tons per year. Today, because of overfishing, the official catch for all Caspian Sea countries totals only about 3,000 tons. FYI 1

90 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.
World Culture 1

91 Creating Sketch Maps While traveling, it is often much easier to follow visual images on a map than directions given in words. A simple sketch map can display a wide range of useful information. SkillBuilder 1

92 Creating Sketch Maps Learning the Skill
Think about how you get from place to place each day. In your mind you have mentally mapped your route. You could probably draw sketch maps of many familiar places. Making mental maps and sketching them are also useful skills in the study of geography. They can help you remember and organize information about the regions you study. SkillBuilder 2

93 Creating Sketch Maps Learning the Skill
To create a sketch map, follow these steps:  When a country or city name is mentioned, find it on a map to get an idea of where it is and what it is near. Look for important features, such as highways, mountains, buildings, or bodies of water.  Draw a sketch map of the area. Include a compass rose to show direction. Include these important features and political boundaries on your map. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. SkillBuilder 3

94 Creating Sketch Maps Learning the Skill
To create a sketch map, follow these steps: As you read or hear information about the place, picture where on your sketch map you would fill in this information. Add the information to your sketch map. Use colors and symbols to show different kinds of information, and add a legend, or key.  Compare your sketch to an actual map of the place. Change your sketch if you need to by adjusting the locations of places or including additional information. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. SkillBuilder 4

95 Creating Sketch Maps Practicing the Skill
Study the map on page 476 of your textbook. Use it to answer the following questions. 1. If you are at the post office, what is the quickest route to Tim’s house? 2. How many blocks apart are the bike shop and Carol’s house? The quickest route is Garfield Avenue to Maine Street to Lincoln Avenue. The bike shop and Carol’s house are two blocks apart. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answers. SkillBuilder 5

96 Creating Sketch Maps Practicing the Skill
Study the map on page 476 of your textbook. Use it to answer the following questions. 3. Suppose your classroom is in the southeast corner of this high school. Could you have a view of the school’s parking lot from the classroom? No, you could not have a view of the parking lot. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display possible answer. SkillBuilder 6

97 Creating Sketch Maps Practicing the Skill
Study the map on page 476 of your textbook. Use it to answer the following questions. 4. Suppose you deliver pizzas for the pizza shop on Garfield Avenue. You have deliveries to the post office, Connie’s house, the high school gym, and the bike shop. What is the best route? SkillBuilder 7

98 Maps and Charts Contents
North Africa, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia: Precipitation The Importance of Freshwater in Southwest Asia The Shrinking Aral Sea Charts Land Use in Selected Countries World Oil Reserves (Billions of Barrels) Click on a hyperlink to view the corresponding slide. Maps and Charts Contents

99 Maps and Charts 1

100 Maps and Charts 2

101 Maps and Charts 3

102 Maps and Charts 4

103 Maps and Charts 5

104 Political Map Transparency

105 Daily Focus Skills Transparency 1
Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Daily Focus Skills Transparency 1

106 Daily Focus Skills Transparency 2
Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Daily Focus Skills Transparency 2

107 End of Custom Shows WARNING! Do Not Remove
This slide is intentionally blank and is set to auto-advance to end custom shows and return to the main presentation. End of Custom Shows

108 End of Slide Show


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