1. Splash Screen

2. Section 2: Climate and Vegetation Visual Summary
Introduction
Section 1: The Land
Section 2: Climate and Vegetation
Visual Summary
Chapter Menu

3. A study of the physical geography of Australia, Oceania, and Antarctica reveals a region of extreme differences—from the dry Australian Outback to the volcanic islands of the Pacific to the cold ice cap of Antarctica. Each of these subregions offers unique opportunities for economic growth, tourism, and scientific research.
Chapter Intro 1

4. Section 1: The Land
The physical environment affects people and their activities. Australians have adapted to life in a country with large expanses of dry, flat land. People in Oceania take advantage of the volcanic soil of many of the islands.
Chapter Intro 2

5. Section 2: Climate and Vegetation
The physical environment affects people and their activities. Australia is characterized by several different climates, while most of Oceania has a tropical wet climate and New Zealand has a marine west coast climate. Each type of climate affects human activities.
Chapter Intro 3

6. Chapter Preview-End

7. The Land
Australians have adapted to life in a country with large expanses of dry, flat land. People in Oceania take advantage of the volcanic soil of many of the islands.
Section 1-GTR

8. The Land artesian well coral atoll lagoon virtually display
Section 1-GTR

9. The Land A. Australia B. Great Dividing Range C. Nullarbor Plain
D. Murray River
E. Darling River
F. Oceania
G. Melanesia
Section 1-GTR

10. The Land H. Micronesia I. Polynesia J. New Zealand K. North Island
L. South Island
Section 1-GTR

11. The Land
Name the only place on earth that is both a continent and a country?
A. Antarctica
B. Australia
C. Africa A B C
Section 1

12. Australia
Australia’s physical environment contributes in various ways to the country’s economy.
Mountains and Plateaus:
Great Dividing Range
Western Plateau
Nullarbor Plain
Section 1

13. Australia (cont.)
The Great Dividing Range and the Western Plateau are separated by the Central Lowlands.
The world’s largest coral reef—the Great Barrier Reef—lies along the northeastern coast.
Agriculture is important to the country:
Wheat, barley, fruit, sugarcane
Cattle, sheep, chickens
Section 1

14. Australia (cont.) Rich mineral resources:
One-fourth of the world’s bauxite
Opals
Coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, gold, nickel and petroleum
Australia: Elevation Profile
Section 1

15. Farmers use which source of water for their livestock?
A. The Great Artesian Basin
B. Murray River
C. Darling River
D. Sea water A B C D
Section 1

16. Oceania
Life on the islands of Oceania is influenced by the type of island and physical process by which it was formed.
Oceania’s islands are classified into three groups based on:
Location
How the islands formed
The inhabitants’ cultures
Section 1

17. Oceania (cont.)
Three groups:
Melanesia
Micronesia
Polynesia
Section 1

18. Oceania (cont.) Island types: High—mountain ranges split by valleys
Low—atolls and lagoons
Continental—larger islands
Section 1

19. Which type of island best supports human life? A. High B. Low
C. Continental A B C
Section 1

20. New Zealand
People in New Zealand utilize elements of the physical environment to make a living.
North Island:
Golden beaches, ancient forests, rich soil, freshwater lakes
Mount Ruapehu
Section 1

21. New Zealand (cont.) South Island: Southern Alps Mount Cook
Sparkling lakes
Canterbury Plains
Section 1

22. C. Using hydroelectric power D. Using geothermal energy
New Zealand’s physical environment allows which of the following to occur?
A. Farming
B. Raising livestock
C. Using hydroelectric power
D. Using geothermal energy
E. All of the above A B C D E
Section 1

23. Section 1-End

24. Climate and Vegetation
Australia is characterized by several different climates, while most of Oceania has a tropical wet climate and New Zealand has a marine west coast climate. Each type of climate affects human activities.
Section 2-GTR

25. Climate and Vegetation
wattle
doldrums
typhoon
manuka
framework
occupy
Section 2-GTR

26. Climate and Vegetation
A. Western Plateau
B. Southern Alps
Section 2-GTR

27. Climate and Vegetation
The vegetation of Australia is primarily which of the following?
A. Tropical rain forest
B. Temperate grassland
C. Desert scrub and desert waste
D. Deciduous forest A B C D
Section 2

28. Australia
Variations in rainfall affect Australian’s climate and vegetation.
Climate and vegetation vary greatly:
Tropical (humid subtropical, Mediterranean, marine west coast)—northeast
Desert and steppe—interior
Section 2

29. Australia (cont.)
Midlatitude temperate—eastern, southern, and southwestern coasts
Australia and Oceania: Natural Vegetation
Section 2

30. B. Differences in rainfall C. Mountain ranges D. All of the above A B
What causes the significant changes in climate and vegetation throughout Australia?
A. Wind currents
B. Differences in rainfall
C. Mountain ranges
D. All of the above A B C D
Section 2

31. Oceania and New Zealand
Oceania is characterized by a tropical wet climate, while New Zealand experiences a more temperate marine west coast climate.
Seasons throughout most of Oceania alternate between wet and dry.
The doldrums occupy a narrow band near the equator.
Section 2

32. Oceania and New Zealand (cont.)
Ocean winds warm New Zealand in the winter and cool it in the summer, preventing temperature extremes.
Geographic differences also cause climatic variations.
Section 2

33. Which percentage of New Zealand’s indigenous plants are native only to New Zealand?
B. 70%
C. 90%
D. 100% A B C D
Section 2

34. Section 2-End

35. • Interrupts Australia’s otherwise flat landscape
A. Great Dividing Range
• Chain of hills and mountains stretching from Cape York Peninsula to Tasmania
• Interrupts Australia’s otherwise flat landscape
• Most of Australia’s rivers begin in this range.
• Extends through several climate regions
VS 1

36. • Three island clusters: Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia
B. Oceania
• Three island clusters: Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia
• Tropical wet climate
• High islands were formed by volcanoes.
• Low islands are atolls formed by the buildup of coral on the rim of submerged volcanoes.
• Continental islands were formed by rising and folding of the ocean floor and contain most of Oceania’s mineral resources.
VS 1

37. • Located along Australia’s northeastern coast
C. Great Barrier Reef
• Located along Australia’s northeastern coast
• World’s largest coral reef
• Home to multitudes of fish and other marine life
VS 1

38. • Located between Great Dividing Range and Western Plateau
D. Central Lowlands
• Located between Great Dividing Range and Western Plateau
• Murray and Darling Rivers supply water that supports farming.
• Great Artesian Basin provides vast amounts of underground water.
VS 1

39. • Marine west coast climate
E. New Zealand
• North Island and South Island make up 90 percent of the country’s landmass.
• North Island has central plateau with volcanoes and hot springs; South Island has Southern Alps and lakes carved by glaciers.
• Marine west coast climate
VS 1

40. • Sparsely populated, but large ranches raise livestock here.
F. Western Plateau
• Also known as the Outback; an expanse of flat land in central and western Australia
• Sparsely populated, but large ranches raise livestock here.
• Includes Great Sandy, Great Victoria, and Gibson Deserts
VS 1

41. VS-End

42. Figure 1

43. Figure 2

44. DFS Trans 1

45. July, August, and September
DFS Trans 2

46. artesian well a bored well from which water flows up like a fountain
Vocab1

47. coral
limestone deposits formed from the skeletons of tiny sea creatures
Vocab2

48. atoll
ring-shaped island formed by coral building up along the rim of an underwater volcano
Vocab3

49. lagoon
shallow pool of water at the center of an atoll
Vocab4

50. wattle
woven framework made from acacia saplings by early Australian settlers to build homes
Vocab5

51. doldrums
a frequently windless area near the Equator
Vocab6

52. typhoon
a violent tropical storm that forms in the Pacific Ocean, usually in late summer
Vocab7

53. manuka
small shrubs that grow in plateau regions of New Zealand
Vocab8

54. To navigate within this Presentation Plus! product:
Click the Forward button to go to the next slide.
Click the Previous button to return to the previous slide.
Click the Return button to return to the main presentation.
Click the Home button to return to the Chapter Menu.
Click the Help button to access this screen.
Click the Exit button or press the Escape key [Esc] to end the chapter slide show.
Links to Maps in Motion, static maps and charts, and transparencies appear near the bottom of slides as they are relevant.
Links to the Reference Atlas and Geography Online are located on the navigation bar of most screens.
Help

55. This slide is intentionally blank.
End of Custom Shows