1. Western Colonialism and Imperialism in Asia.

2. Imperialism debrief
1. What did that experience feel like? Describe your feelings/thoughts.
2. Looking at the definition at the top of your paper, in what ways was this experience similar to imperialism?
3. What historical examples can you think of where people have had to experience this in their own countries?

3. How did Asians face the challenges brought about by Western colonialism and imperialism?

4. Western Colonialism EVENTS METHODS LAUNCHING OF THE CRUSADES
MARCO POLO’S TRAVELS
SEARCH FOR A NEW TRADE ROUTE
AGE OF EXPLORATION AND DISCOVERY
BELIEF IN MERCANTILISM
METHODS
INDIRECT CONTROL
DIRECT CONTROL

5. Launched from 1096 to 1273 Objective: To reclaim Jerusalem
1. CRUSADES
Launched from 1096 to 1273
Objective: To reclaim Jerusalem

6. His book was an “advertisement” of Asia and its riches
2. MARCO POLO
His book was an “advertisement” of Asia and its riches

7. To gain a foothold on Asian spices and commodities
3. NEW ROUTE
To gain a foothold on Asian spices and commodities

10. 4. Age of Exploration and Discovery
Began in 1450 and ended in 1650
This was the time when Europeans started travelling to:
Discover new lands
Discover new trade routes

11. 4. Age of Exploration and Discovery
This period was supported by developments in seafaring

13. MERCANTILISM
A theory that maintains that the true measure of a country’s wealth was the total amount of gold and silver it possessed.
Colonies were important because they contributed to the wealth of the colonizers through their gold and silver mines.

14. What were the Europeans’ motives?

15. European Motives
They could benefit from the natural resources and products of Asia.
Asia was also a potential market for their goods.

16. COLONIALISM
Refers to the process wherein Europeans stay and wield political power over some parts of the world – America, Australia, Africa and Asia

17. means creating an empire and into the neighboring expanding regions
IMPERIALISM
means creating an empire and into the neighboring expanding regions

18. 1st stage of Imperialism
16th to 17th century
- Spain, Portugal, Great Britain, Netherlands and France
- This form of imperialism is called colonialism

19. 2nd stage of Imperialism
18th to 19th century
1. Industrialization – started because of the Industrial Revolution
Mass production of goods with the use of machines
Began in England and spread to other countries in Europe and South America

20. 2nd stage of Imperialism
18th to 19th century
2. Capitalism – an economic system characterized by private ownership of capital and free competition in the market
3. White Man’s Burden – the Westerners thought it was their “duty” and “obligation” to civilize the people in Asia

21. Look at the figure on page 334
That is how Asia served as a source of raw materials and a market for European goods

22. Let’s Assess
Who wrote a book that served as an “advertisement” of Asia to the Europeans?
What is the name of the period when developments in seafaring led to discovery of new lands?

23. Let’s Test What You Know

24. Mercantilism Imperialism Colonialsim Capitalism
This refers to the process wherein Europeans stay and wield political power over several territories in different parts of the world like Asia, Africa, South America and Australia.
Mercantilism
Imperialism
Colonialsim
Capitalism
Colonialism

25. Industrial Revolution
This historical period refers to the time when goods and commodities were mass produced with use of machines.
Industrialization
Manufacturing
Capitalism
Industrial Revolution
A - Industrialization

26. Industrial Revolution
This is an economic system which is characterized by private ownership of capital and marked by free competition in the market.
Industrialization
Manufacturing
Capitalism
Industrial Revolution
C - Capitalism

27. White Man’s Burden Imperialism Colonialism Salvation
The Western philosophy that believed that they were justified in colonizing the “savage and uncivilized parts of the world” and that they had the duty to bring civilization and knowledge to the “natives”
White Man’s Burden
Imperialism
Colonialism
Salvation
A – White Man’s Burden

28. This was the main objective of the men who joined the Crusades
become wealthy
reclaim Jerusalem
defeat the Muslims
for glory and God
B – reclaim Jerusalem

29. Different Forms of Imperialism (p. 335)
Colonialism – direct control of a foreign country over an occupied country
Economic imperialism – foreign large private business enterprises control over a country that is not yet well-developed

30. Different Forms of Imperialism (p. 335)
Protectorate – a foreign country allows the native rulers of a weaker power to remain in power
Sphere of influence – a foreign country maintains a strong political or economic influence over a country or a geographical region

31. COLONIALISM
IN WEST ASIA

32. Islam
– new force in West Asia

33. Areas occupied by the Muslims Syria, North Africa and Sicily

34. Leadership in West Asia
Rashidun
Umayyad caliphates
Abbasid caliphates

35. OTTOMAN DYNASTY

36. Ottoman Dynasty (1299 to 1922)
1299 – Osman 1 established the Ottoman dynasty
- It started in northwest Anatolia (present-day Turkey)

37. 15th century – territorial expansion
Ottoman Expansion
15th century – territorial expansion
– towards the north going to Crimea
to the east in Baghdad and Basra
to the south on the shores of the Arabian sea and the Persian Gulf
To the west in Egypt and North Africa all the way to Europe

39. Guide Questions for the Video
When was the “Age of Islam”?
Who was the founder of the Ottoman empire?
When did the Ottomans attack Constantinople?
Who was known as the “protector of Islam” during that period?
Give two factors that strengthened the Ottoman empire.

40. Great Britain vs. Russia

41. Constantinople in the 19th century

42. Constantinople – strategically located

43. The British wanted Constantinople to remain uncolonized so they could freely stay in the region.

44. Battle between Foreign Countries in West Asia
1907 – Persia (present-day Iran was divided into 3 zones
Neutral zone
Russian zone
British zone

45. Khanate – a system of government headed by a khan
Sheikdom – a land, society or tribe headed by a sheik which means “elder”

46. Young Turks movement
A political reform movement that emerged to initiate changes in the intellectual, industrial and military aspects of the empire that was on decline

47. 1914 – World War 1
The Ottoman empire lost control of North Africa, Hungary and a large part of Southeast Europe.

48. 1914 – World War 1
Allied Powers – alliance made up of France, Russia and Great Britain or the Triple Entente.

49.
Abolition of the Ottoman empire led to the creation of the Republic of Turkey

50. Foreign Countries in West and South Asia
REGION
COUNTRIES INVOLVED
WEST ASIA
Russia
Germany
Great Britain
SOUTH ASIA
Portuguese in India
Dutch
in India
French
British

51. Date of da Gama’s return to Lisbon from India
15th Century
1499
Date of da Gama’s return to Lisbon from India
3000%
Vasco de Gama’s profit from the spices he sold in Portugal which he obtained from India

52. Portuguese control in Asia
1510 – Albuquerque occupied Goa which was occupied by the Muslims
The Portuguese seized control of the ports of India under the hands of Arab merchants.

53. Portuguese control in Asia
Wanted control of the trade in the East Indies and China
Catholicism was spread by the Jesuits

54. THE DUTCH IN INDIA (page 357)
1642 – The Portuguese were ousted from Africa (Ghana) by the Dutch.
1602 – the Dutch East India Company was established.
It was granted the right to trade with and occupy lands.

55. 1740 – British and the French continued to battle over India to 1761 – series of battles between the British and the French over India – the British reclaimed Calcutta – the British gained Pondicherry (SE part of India)

56. THE BRITISH IN INDIA
1600 – The English East India Company was founded
It was given trade monopoly from the Cape of Good Hope to the Strait of Magellan

57. PRODUCTS TRADED BY THE ENGLISH EAST INDIA COMPANY
COTTON, SILK, OPIUM
INDIGO, DYES, SALT
SALTPETER, TEA

59. By 1647, the British had….
23 TRADE OUTPOSTS
90 EMPLOYEES IN INDIA

60. Bombay, Madras and Calcutta
End of the 17th century
Supplied opium to China from the 1730s in spite of the opium ban in 1729
Bombay, Madras and Calcutta
Collected taxes from the provinces of Bengal, Bihar and Odisha

61. SEPOY – means Indian soldiers
SEPOY MUTINY IN 1857
Led to the establishment of the British Raj - Great Britain governed India directly
SEPOY – means Indian soldiers

63. Quiz What term was used to call “Indian soldiers”?
2. Who established the Ottoman empire?
3. What was the name of the Dutch company that had the right to trade and occupy lands?

64. Quiz 4. Who helped the Portuguese spread Catholicism in India?
5. What was the name of the period when Great Britain and Russia struggled for control of some parts of Asia?

65. Quiz
6. What kind of imperialism is it when a foreign country allows the native rulers of a weaker power to remain in power?
7. Give two products traded by the English East India Company.
Protectorate
Silk, indigo, salt, saltpeter, opium, silk

66. Quiz
8. What was the new force in Asia that gained power in the 7th century?
9. Give two products traded by the English East India Company.
8. Islam 9.