1. CEN 180: Civil Engineering Drawing II

2. Line types Visible lines Hidden lines Center lines
Visible lines
Visible lines represent visible edges and boundaries.
Continuous and thick ( mm).
Hidden lines
Hidden lines represent hidden edges and boundaries.
Dashed and medium thick ( mm).
Center lines
Center lines Represent axes of symmetry.
Long dash – short dash and thin (0.3 mm).

3. Isometric View of One Storied Building

4. Components of Building
Roof

5. Components of Building
Super structure:
The portion of building above ground level is called super structure. This includes masonry walls, columns, steps, doors, windows, ventilators, lintels, sunshades, staircase, roof, parapet wall etc.

6. Components of Building
Sub structure:
The portion of the building below ground level is called sub structure. This includes foundation of the building
Sub Structure

7. Components of Building
Plinth Level
The floor level immediately above the ground is termed as plinth level.
Plinth
Plinth is the portion of the structure between the surrounding ground level and the surface of the floor level immediately above the ground.
Plinth height is at least 6” above the ground.

8. Components of Building
Lintels:
Lintels are of reinforced cement concrete (R.C.C) which is provided over small opening like door, window, almairah etc. Generally 6” thick and width equal to wall width are provided.
Lintel

9. Components of Building
Sunshade:
Sunshade is sloping or horizontal and is provided
over windows to provide protection from sun and rain.
The thickness of wall end is 3” and at the free end thickness is 2”.
The projection of sunshades is extended 2’ from the face of wall.

10. Components of Building
Drop Wall:
Provided in the verandah projected downward from the slab to prevent the entry of sunshine or rain water.
Drop wall

11. Components of Building
Cornice:
An extended portion of slab projecting horizontally outside from the slab which protects the brick wall from sunshine or rain.
Cornice

12. Components of Building
Parapet:
A low wall or railing built along the edge of the roof.
Parapet

13. Components of Building
Footing/Foundation:

14. Components of Building
Footing/Foundation:
Lowest part of any structure below ground level which is in direct contact with ground.
The size of wall is increased by means of stone masonry or brick masonry.
The increase in width provided on either side of wall face is known as off-set.
In case of brick foundation off-set on either side is usually 2.5”

15. Components of Building
Windows:
Normal dimension: 4’ x 3’ and from 3’ from the floor level
Doors:
Normal dimension: 7’ x 3’
Floor height: 10’

16. General Conventions (1) or (2) Masonry Section used in Elevation
(3) or (4) Masonry Pointing used in Elevation

17. General Conventions
(5) Concrete Section used in Plan or in Section view
(6)
(7)
(8)
(6) Wood in Section & (7) Wood in Elevation

18. General Conventions (8) Soil Level/Ground Level (9) Glass in Elevation

19. Opening Directions of Doors

20. Opening Directions of Windows

21. Building Drawing Plan View .
A horizontal section is cut at the mid height of the windows, to get the plan view of the building.

23. Plan View
Plan View

24. Elevation View
Elevation view is the outward view of a completed building along any side of the building.
When a building is seen by standing in front of it, the view that can be viewed is known as front elevation.
Similarly backside view is called rear elevation or from any side of it which is known as left/right side elevation.

25. Elevation View

26. Relative Position of Views
The plan should be drawn at the bottom portion of drawing sheet.
The front elevation shall be exactly above the top of the plan view.
The left/right elevation should be left/right of the plan view accordingly.

27. Arrangement of Rooms
Drawing Room: This room should be centrally located in the building. There should be direct approach to this room from main entrance of the building.
Dining Room: This room should be located adjacent to the drawing room. It is preferred if both these rooms remain connected though a connecting door. However, now a days dining rooms and drawing rooms are combined into a big sized room. Dining rooms should also be connected directly to the kitchen.

28. Arrangement of Rooms
Bed Room: This room should be located on one side of the building. It should have at least one of its walls as external wall. It should be directly in front of the prevailing direction of the wind.
Guest Room: This room should not have any connection with other rooms except with the dining room
Kitchen: It should be located at the back corner of the house so that smoke of the kitchen does not spread in all rooms of the house.

29. Arrangement of Rooms
Verandah: Verandah may be 2.4 m to 3 m wide and should be located at front or back of the building.
Corridor: It is a covered passage in the building with the help of which any room can be approached without disturbing privacy of the other rooms.
Stair Room: It should be located at such a position that it remains easily approachable from all parts of the building.
Porch: It is constructed in the front of the building. Car may be parked in it temporarily.

30. Ground Floor Plan