1. Parliament Limits the English MonarchyPg

2. King James I ( )
Who is James I? How did he feel about being king?
Queen Elizabeth’s cousin
King of Scotland
“Kings are justly called gods, for that they exercise a manner or resemblance of divine power upon earth.”
Did not win Parliament’s favor
They refused to give him money for his court and wars

3. Charles I ( )
Who is Charles I? How did he treat Parliament? What is the Petition of Rights?
Son of James I
Always in need of money
At war with Spain and France
When Parliament refused him, he’s dissolve it
1628- needs money, calls Parliament to session
Refuse him until he signs it
Would not imprison subjects without due cause
Would not levy taxes w/o Parliament's consent
Would not house soldiers in private homes
Would not impose martial law in peacetime

4. Charles I (continued)
Why was the Petition of Right important? What happens with the Scots?
Set forth the idea that the law was higher than the king
Contradicts absolute monarchy
Charles ignores it
Dissolves Parliament in 1629
Does not call it back into session
Gets money be imposing taxes and fees
Tries to force Presbyterian Scots into the Anglican Church
Scots rebel, assemble large army, & threaten to invade England
Charles needs money, calls Parliament into session

5. Limiting the monarchy 1642-1649
What occurs when Parliament tries to limit Charles’ power? When was the English Civil War?
1641- Parliament passes law to limit monarchy power
1642- Charles tries to arrest Parliament leaders but they escape
Mobs of angry citizens protest outside the palace
Charles flees London
Heads north to try to raise an army

6. English Civil War Supporters of King Charles- Royalists/Cavaliers
Who was involved in the English Civil War? Who was Oliver Cromwell? What was King Charles on trial for?
Supporters of King Charles- Royalists/Cavaliers
Puritan supporters of Parliament
General of New Model Army (Puritan supporters)
Leads army in defeating the Cavaliers in 1646
Captures King Charles in 1647
Treason
Found guilty & sentenced to death
First time a reigning monarch faced public trial and execution

7. Cromwell’s rule What did Cromwell do while in power?
1649, abolishes the monarchy and House of Lords
Established a commonwealth—a republican form of government
Drafted a constitution- the first written constitution of any modern European state
Cromwell eventually tore up the document and ruled as a military dictator.
Worked with Puritans-
Created laws promoted Puritan morality and abolished activities they found sinful (theater)
Cromwell favored religious toleration for all Christians except Catholics.
He even welcomed back Jews, who had been expelled from England in 1290

8. Charles II
How does Charles II come to power? What Restoration mean? What does hapeas corpus mean?
Cromwell reigns until his death in 1658
Gov’t collapses
Parliament created
Oldest son of Charles I asked to take the throne
Charles II restores the monarchy so his reign is called the Restoration period
Restored: theater, sporting events, and dancing
1st time women are allowed to appear on the stage
A judge to decide who should go to trial and who should be set free (1679 law)

9. Glorious Revolution What causes the Glorious Revolution?
Charles II dies without an heir.
His brother, James II, takes the throne
He’s a Catholic (this is bad in England)
James appoints Catholics to high office (against the law!)
Dissolves Parliament when they protest
1688, 2nd wife gives birth to Catholic son
The thought of Catholic kings causes Protestants to act
James II has older daughter, Mary (Protestant)
Married to William of Orange (prince of Netherlands)
Parliament asks them to come and over throw James
1688, William brings army, but James flees to France

10. Political Changes
What changes occurred under William and Mary’s rule? What was the cabinet system?
Constitutional Monarchy
Laws that limit the rulers power
Bill of Rights (1689).
No suspending of Parliament’s laws
No levying of taxes without a specific grant from Parliament
No interfering with freedom of speech in Parliament
No penalty for a citizen who petitions the king about grievances
Monarchy could not rule without Parliament approval/Parliament could not rule without monarchy approval
Cabinet developed
Acted in the rulers name but represented a party of the Parliament