1. Unit 3.5 Priest, Prophet, King
From Israel to Jesus Christ

2. Story of Exodus (Moses)

3. Ark of the Covenant (Exodus 25)
Gold chest containing the Mosaic covenant (10 Commandments)
Meeting place between God and the Israelites
“There I will meet with you” - Ex 25:22
Contained in the Tabernacle

5. The Temple
First Temple built 952 BCE by King Solomon (destroyed by Babylonians in 586 BCE)
Second Temple built 538 BCE (destroyed by Romans 70 AD)
Contained the Ark of the Covenant in the Holy of Holies
Used to perform ritual sacrifices, especially on the Day of Atonement

6. http://jerusalem.com/tour/jewi sh_temple_3D/web

7. Priest (kohen)
Jewish priests were in charge of performing sacrifices for the Israelites to atone for their sins
Mediators between God and his people
Anointed with oil
High Priest - one priest chosen from the others to make sacrifices on behalf of all Israel

8. Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur)
10th day after the Jewish New Year
An annual fast of repentance where the high priest accomplishes atonement for Israel’s sin
Most important part was the sacrifice of the goats

9. Sacrifice of bull for atonement of priest’s sins
Cleansing
Day of Atonement
With a partner, read Leviticus 16: See if you can identify the 7 steps of the Day of Atonement.

10.
Jump to 4:22

11. Day of Atonement
Given by God as a way for Israel to enter into communion with God again
Closeness, proximity

12. Check-up: (2-3 sentences in warm-ups)
Who were the priests?
Why was the Day of Atonement so important to the Israelites?

13. Moses and the Temple - a re-re-creation story...

14. Burning Bush as Invitation to Eden
Exodus 3 & Genesis 3
What is similar?
The burning bush is God’s invitation back into communion, into “Eden”

15. 10 Commandments as Re-Creation (Again)
Burning Bush - entrance to “Eden”
Desert - creating new order away from human order
10 Commandments - 10 x “God Said”
God gives Israel 10 Commandments as a way to re- enter into communion with him, to grow into the image of God (imago dei)

16. The Temple as the New Eden
This re-creation continues in the Temple
The Temple is the new Eden, where God walks with man
Menorah at entrance of Holy of Holies = tree of life and burning sword
At the center of the Temple, of this Eden, is the Covenant - the Law
Meaning? Humans come closest to God and are most like God in the offering of their lives, of themselves

18. Wrap-up: (2-3 sentences in warm-ups)
How is the Burning Bush an invitation back into “Eden”?
How are the 10 Commandments a new creation?
How is the Jewish Temple the “new Eden”?

19. Moses, the Temple, and Re-Creation: A Summary
Suffering is real and often caused by human action (misuse of freedom)
This is what we see in the Israelites - they often bring suffering upon themselves, or cause suffering in others
The Ten Commandments guide the use of our freedom back to what is fundamentally good - and, consequently, back to God
In the 10 Commandments, we receive a way for us to be formed in goodness, how to use our freedom for love
This “way” continues in the Temple, where we are able to physically express the giving of ourselves back to God

20. The Prophets Someone who speaks for God
Call Israel back into relationship with God after they had strayed from God
Remind Israel of God’s faithfulness, love, and mercy

21. The Prophets Two main roles:
Point out suffering/sin and challenge Israel to live according to God’s covenant
Point toward a new beginning and renewal of God’s covenant with God’s people

22. Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Daniel, Hosea, Amos
Choose one of the prophets and use the introduction to their book of the Bible to answer the following questions:
What is the historical background of this prophet?
Why was this prophet needed by the people of Israel (How did this prophet warn/comfort them?)
What does this prophet say about the future of Israel?
How did people respond to this prophet?

23. Modern-Day Prophets Dorothy Day Oscar Romero Jerzy Popieluszko
Fernando Cardenal
Nelson Mandela
Thomas Merton
Sr. Helen Prejean
Fr. Greg Boyle
Sr. Dorothy Stang
Jean Vanier
Malala Yousafzai

24. Prophecy of the Messiah
Messiah - the savior of the Jewish people who would restore Israel to glory
Mashiach - Hebrew for “Anointed One”
Priests, prophets, and kings were anointed at the beginning of their ministries
The Messiah was going to be the great priest, prophet, and king of Israel

25. The Messiah King Priest Prophet Political leader and warrior
Take back the land of Israel
Descendant of King David
Priest
Mediator between God and His people
Establish a new temple and atone for Israel’s sins
Prophet
Proclaim God’s word to all people

26. Prophecies of the Messiah
Explain how each verse is a prophecy of the Messiah. Does it emphasize the Messiah as priest, prophet, or king? How can you tell?
Jeremiah 23:5-8
Deuteronomy 18:15, 18
Isaiah 11:1-5
Isaiah 11:10-12
Isaiah 53:5-6
Micah 5:2-5

27. Why is Jesus called the Messiah?

28. Gospel of Matthew
With a partner, read Matthew 1:1-2:18 (skim the genealogy from 1:2-1:15!)
Keep track of all the Old Testament prophecies Matthew includes in his nativity story (5 total). What are the connections Matthew is drawing between each prophecy and the birth of Jesus?
Old Testament Prophecy
Fulfillment by Jesus

29. Jesus Christ as the Messiah
Jesus = Yeshua, “God saves”
Christ = Christos, “Anointed One”
By calling Jesus the Christ, Matthew signifies that Jesus is the Messiah
Jesus is the Priest, Prophet, and King announced by the prophets
*** TOP TEN BIBLE VERSE ALERT: Matthew 1:21 - “You are to name him Jesus, for he will save his people from their sins” ***