1. Census Natural Increase Natural Migration Population Growth
Demography
Census
Natural Increase
Natural Migration
Population Growth

2. Population Growth 2000 years ago there were 300 million people
In 1804 we reached 1 billion
Reached 7 billion in 2015
76 million added every year
The rate of increase is of greater concern than the number of people

3. Demography
The study of the characteristics, trends, and issues of human population
Helps to understand the causes and consequences of population change
Able to predict or explain changes in society
Government
Needs accurate figures to plan for schools and hospitals
Business
Use numbers to plan marketing

4. The Census
A national census in Canada is conducted every five years by Statistics Canada.
provides demographic and statistical data that is used to plan public services including health care, education, and transportation
Gives a snapshot of the population
Required by law to complete

5. Changing Census Long form every 10 years and short form every 5years
The government switched from a mandatory to a voluntary census in the summer of 2010.
On November 5, 2015, the Liberal party announced that it would reinstate the mandatory long-form census, starting in 2016.

6. Issue of Accuracy
Developed countries like Canada have the ability to keep data current, yet some margin for error
Counting all homeless
Developing countries census information is usually less accurate because
the registration of births and deaths is not as complete
Census takers cannot reach remote areas
People in shantytowns are not counted as they are not considered permanent residents of cities
Some people avoid it due to fear of the government, avoiding taxes, or opposition

7. Population Change There are 4 basic components to population change
Birth rate
Death rate
Immigration rate
Emigration rate
These factors determine whether a population is growing or shrinking

8. Birth rate
It is not useful to compare the birth rates of countries unless the total population of the countries are considered
Ex. Canada vs China
What really matters is comparing the number or births and the size of the population in each country
EX.
1000 births in a population of

9. Birth Rate
The number of children born in a region for every inhabitants
It is calculated by dividing the number of births in one year by the population and then multiplying by 1000
Ex babies born divided by x 1000
Canada’s birthrate is children per 1000 Canadians

10. Death Rate
Death Rate is the number of people who die in a region for every 1000 inhabitants
Canada’s death rate is 7.4 deaths per 1000 Canadians
Are we a declining population?

11. Natural Increase
The rate at which the population increases or decreases in a year as a percentage of the total population
Calculated by subtracting death rate from birth rate
Does not include immigration or emigration numbers
Canada = 0.32%

12. Exponential Rate of Growth
A rapid rate of population growth as each generation doubles in size
EX.
A couple has 2 children, and each child grows up and has 2 children and each of these children grow up and has 2 children
1,2,4,8,16,32 ect
Each generation builds on the previous

13. Exponential Rate of Growth
A convenient way to express exponential growth is to use the length of time it would take for a population to double in size
Calculate
Apply the rule of 70 which states that doubling time is approximately equal to 70 divided by the growth rate in percent each year
70 divided by 1.45 (India’s natural increase)= years

14. Canada’s Exponential Growth Rate
70 divided by (Canada’s natural increase)= years

15. Natural Migration
Population increase, in some countries like Canada, depends on immigrants
Immigrants enter a country
Emigrants leave a country
A country’s net migration rate is the difference between its immigration and emigration rates
Immigration – emigration= Natural Migration

16. Population Change
To get a clear picture of a country’s annual population change you must calculate all factors
Birth and death rates(natural increase) and immigration and emigration (net migration) will give a clear population change

17. Canada Depends on Immigration
Canada, the US, and Australia are amoung the few countries which depend on immigration
Most come to Canada as economic migrants from developing nations wanting a better standard of living
Others come as refugees seeking escape from persecution in their home country
Canada averaged international migrants per year

18. Large Scale Migration
Affects the structure of the population by age and gender
As most immigrants are young and generally male
This gives the host country a younger population that will eventually result in a higher birth rate
The country losing the population will experience the reverse effect

19. Calculating Population Growth Rate
The rate that a population changes To calculate natural increase plus net migration expressed as a percentage See page 364 Figure 11-10