1. Exercise and Physical Activity

2. Definitions Exercise: Physical Activity:
“Activity requiring physical effort, carried out to sustain or improve health and fitness.”
Physical Activity:
“Any body movement that works your muscles and required more energy than resting.”

3. It's medically proven that people who do regular physical activity have:
up to a 35% lower risk of coronary heart disease and stroke
up to a 50% lower risk of type 2 diabetes
up to a 50% lower risk of colon cancer
up to a 20% lower risk of breast cancer
a 30% lower risk of early death
up to an 83% lower risk of osteoarthritis
up to a 68% lower risk of hip fracture
a 30% lower risk of falls (among older adults)
up to a 30% lower risk of depression
up to a 30% lower risk of dementia

4. OUR BODIES ARE DESIGNED AND HAVE EVOLVED TO BE REGULARLY ACTIVE
But why?
If you go on holiday for a long time, you ask someone to drive your car for you.
Why? What happens if you leave your car?
OUR BODIES ARE DESIGNED AND HAVE EVOLVED TO BE REGULARLY ACTIVE
How do we know this?

5. How does exercise affect the body?
With the person sat next to you, draw arrows to all the parts of the body that benefits from exercise and write HOW it benefits
For example:
The heart because exercise makes the heart muscle stronger.

6. Add these to your diagram…
HEART – exercise strengthens the heart muscles therefore helping it pump blood more efficiently.
LUNGS – exercise develops stronger lungs which helps with breathing and moving oxygen around the body.
BONES – weight-bearing exercise strengthens bones as it helps to create new bone tissue.
MUSCLES – exercise strengthens your muscles therefore providing more flexibility and decreases your risk of injury.
BRAIN – exercise produces dopamine which gives you a positive mood.
JOINTS – more movement around the joints keeps them in proper alignment.

8. It helps to prevent obesity

9. Calculate your BMI (Body Mass Index)

10. Government recommendations
Age
Types of exercise
Children (5-18)
At least 60 minutes physical activity everyday (cycling, playground activities) and vigorous activity (running, tennis etc.)
Three days a week exercise for strong muscles, such as push-ups and strong bones, such as running/jumping
Adults (19-64)
Active daily and at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity, such as cycling or fast walking every week
Strength exercises on two or more days a week that work all major muscle groups
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11. Chronic Diseases (long lasting diseases)
Coronary Heart Disease A build up of plaque in the arteries Cancer Abnormal cell growth Type 2 Diabetes Blood sugar levels that are too high

12. Add to your sheet…
Coronary Heart Disease Exercise will help your circulatory system become more efficient, lower your cholesterol level, and keep your blood pressure at a healthy level. Cancer Exercise changes levels of oestrogen and insulin and regulates bowel movements Type 2 Diabetes Exercise helps the body manage insulin more easily, lose weight and lowers blood glucose (sugar) levels

13. THINK! If someone is not physically active or does no exercise, what can we assume?
They are unfit
They have weaker bones and muscles
Their heart does not work efficiently
They are less able to carry out physical tasks
They might be unable to manage their weight
They have weak joints, ligaments and tendons
They are more likely of contracting diseases
They might have high cholesterol and blood sugar levels

14. Psychological

16. The Eatwell Guide
What are the main dietary messages of the new Eatwell Guide?
Use the internet to find out more about the Eatwell Guide and create a report or information sheet with your research.