1. Japan Recovers How did Japan recover from the ruins of World War II?
Allied occupation, 1945–1952
New constitution imposed
Reduction of emperor's power
Armed forces for self-defense only
Japanese constitution
Modeled on U.S. constitution
Universal suffrage
Three branches of government
Retention of elements of nineteenth-century political system

2. Japan Recovers State capitalism Active role of government in economy
Sets price and wage policies
Subsidizes industries
Establishment of ties between large companies, similar to zaibatsu
Nation's development into industrial giant
Land reform
Division of large tenant farms
Transformation of tenants into independent farmers

3. Japan Recovers Social policies
New educational system stressing individualism
Persistence of characteristics of
traditional society
Strong traditional work ethic
Continued subordination of women

4. Asian Tigers
What are the Asian Tigers, and how did they become successful?
Asian Tigers: South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong
Imitated Japan
Built successful industrial societies

5. Asian Tigers South Korea Retirement of dictator Syngman Rhee in 1960
Accession of Park Chung Hee, who ruled autocratically until 1990s
Main industries: chemicals, textiles, ships, automobiles

6. Asian Tigers Taiwan (Republic of China)
Authoritarian government ruled by refugees from mainland China
Protected militarily by United States; able to focus on economic growth
Land reform; food production doubles
Expansion of manufacturing and commerce
Death of Chiang Kai-shek in 1975 leads to the government slowly becoming more democratic

7. Asian Tigers Singapore Former British colony
Authoritarian rule creates stability for growth
Development of free-market economy
Banking, ship building, oil refineries, electronics
Citizens demanding greater political freedom in recent years

8. Asian Tigers Hong Kong Colony of Great Britain until 1997
Becomes industrial powerhouse with high standard of living
Returned to China in 1997, with guarantee of economic and political freedom

9. Taiwan and Mainland China
How does the history of Taiwan's relations with mainland China contribute to its uncertain future?
Chiang Kai-shek is defeated by Chinese Communists.
Chiang establishes Republic of China on Taiwan.
Taiwan government claims legitimate rule over all China.
Communist government on mainland claims rule over all China, including Taiwan.
United States continues to protect Taiwan from invasion by mainland China.