2. Martin Luther and the Reformation

3. Vocab
Protestant Reformation = A movement where Catholics began to protest the corruption of the Catholic Church and seek reform (change) .
Protestants = Former Catholics who left the Church to protest corruption.
Indulgences = A fake “ticket to Heaven”; sold to poor Catholics; said all sins are forgiven, whether or not the person did good deeds.

4. Where in Europe? It started in Germany. Germany
England
Germany
It started in Germany.
Rome, Italy… home of the Catholic Church

5. Why did it not start in italy?
England
Germany
There’s too much Catholic power there.
Rome, Italy… home of the Catholic Church

6. problems with the Church
- Corruption (sold indulgences, Church positions sold to highest bidder, some priests were illiterate)
Church refused to change when reformers demanded it (ex: Bible in Latin only, indulgences wouldn’t stop)
Renaissance belief of secularism led people to question the church’s value

7. Who’s important? #1 - Martin Luther
Main leader of the Protestant Reformation
German monk, former Catholic priest who protested the corruption of the Church, (indulgences)
Wrote “95 Theses” (95 problems with the Church)
Formed his own Christian religion called Lutheran

8. Some of Martin Luther’s 95 Theses
#43 = “Christians are to be taught that he who gives to the poor or lends to the needy does better deeds than buying indulgences.”
#47 = “Christians are to be taught that the buying of indulgences is a matter of free will, and not of commandment.”
#72 = “He who goes against the lust and license of the indulgence-preachers, let him be blessed!”

9. If Martin Luther started the reformation in Germany, then who started it in England?

10. King Henry VIII – Brought The Reformation to England
Father of Elizabeth I;
Left the Catholic Church in 1533
Pope wouldn’t grant him a divorce from his wife (illegal)
Later formed Church of England (Anglican Church)
Secularism grows

11. The Fate of Henry VIII’s Six Wives
Wife #1 – Catherine of Aragon (divorced because she no longer could produce a male heir to the throne)
Wife #2 – Anne Boleyn (beheaded for adultery)
Wife #3 – Jane Seymour (died of natural causes)
Wife #6 – Catherine Parr (survived)
Wife #4 – Anne of Cleaves (divorced; an arranged marriage to someone Henry
never loved.
Wife #5 – Kathryn Howard (beheaded for adultery)

12. The Tudor Family Flow Chart
Henry VIII
Ruled
The Tudor Family Flow Chart
Henry VIII’s six wives: divorced, beheaded, died; divorced, beheaded, survived
Henry’s 1st daughter - Queen Mary “Bloody Mary” - Ruled
Henry’s 2nd daughter - Queen Elizabeth I - Ruled

13. What if I wanted to stop the Corruption?
You would be excommunicated and labeled a heretic (someone who speaks against the Church.) Your consequence: burned at the stake.

15. Why didn’t the Church just kill Luther?
Didn’t want him to become a martyr (someone who dies for their cause.)