1. Ch 30

2. Reformation Weakening of Catholic Church
Worldliness and corruption
Political conflict between pope and monarchs
1300—people feel the church has become way to powerful
Didn’t follow vows
Lived like royalty not servants of god

3. Money for Church
Indulgences—sell to get forgiveness for sins, not good behavior
Simony—buying of office—have multiple religious appointments without showing up
All Catholics pay tax to the church

4. Power Struggle Kings and Queens struggle for power w/ the pope
King Philip IV of France tried to tax clergy
Threaten to excommunicate
Kidnap old pope—returned, dies few weeks later
New pope moves rule to Avignon France
Many French were appointed to positions

5. Power Struggle (Con’t)
Pope Gregory XI moves back to Rome
Greg dies year later
New pope refuses to go back to France
French cardinals elect new pope in Avigon
3rd Pope elected
LOTS OF PROBLEMS

6. Great Schism Split in Church lasts 40 years
Reformers—purify church not destroy it

7. John Wycliffe
Publically quested pope’s authority during schism
Attacked indulgences and immoral behavior
Bible is supreme authority
Had bible translated from Latin to English
Accused of heresy

8. Jan Hus 1370-1415 Spoke against church authority Jesus is true head
Bible and mass in common language
Arrested and burned at the stake

9. St. Catherine of Siena
Felt people could lead spiritual lives that went beyond church norms
Emphasize personal experience w/ god

10. Desiderius Erasmus 1466-1536 The Praise of Folly
Sharply worded satire of society
Includes abuse of clergy and church leaders
Many people desired to leave the church

11. Martin Luther Early 1500s Born in Germany in 1483 Becomes Monk
Studied bible and became scholar and leader
What must I do to be saved?
RC—keeping sacraments and living a good life
Luther—Cannot earn salvation—gift from god

12. ML (con’t) Conflict over indulgences
1517 Pope Leo X need money to finish St. Peters
Sent preachers to sell indulgences
Promised pardons for sins of themselves, family and friends

13. ML (con’t) 95 Thesis against in indulgences on church door
Bible ultimate sources of religions authority not pope
Excommunicated by Pope and asked to be silenced in Germany
Forbidden from printing or publishing and declared a heretic
Goes into hiding

14. ML (con’t)
Starts own church
Lutheranism

15. Peace of Ausburg Each Prince in HRE could determine religion
Change in religion happens gradually

16. Huldrych Zwingli 1484-1531 Swiss Follower of Erasmus and Luther
Ban worship not based on Bible
Simple service
War in Switzerland based on belief and Swiss Catholics

17. John Calvin 1509-1564 French God saves who lives good life
Good business is a good sign

18. King Henry VIII 1491-1547 England Anglican Church
Personal and political
Wants divorce