1. Reformation Sunday

2. Eastern Orthodox
East
The Great Church
Roman Catholic
Schism of 1054
West
Protestant
Luther’s Reformation

3. Reformation Sunday
The Reformation: As a general term, the religious reform movement from the early fifteenth to the seventeenth century culminating in the establishment of Protestant churches throughout Europe. Reform efforts, the seeds of which can be traced back to the Middle Ages, were borne of discontent with the church and the papacy, especially abuses of power and practices that were considered unbiblical (e.g., indulgences). The Reformation is usually associated with the works and writings of two individuals in the sixteenth century, Martin Luther (1483–1546) and John Calvin (1509–1564).

4. Reformation Sunday
Martin Luther was a Roman Catholic monk and professor of moral theology at the University of Wittenberg, which was founded in 1502.

6. “pardons for purchase”
Reformation Sunday
“indulgences”
“pardons for purchase”

7. Reformation Sunday
Purgatory: According to Roman Catholic theology, an intermediate state or place prepared for those who die in a state of grace but who are not yet spiritually perfect, where their souls are purified from sin as they progress toward heaven.

8. Reformation Sunday
Indulgences: Pardons purchased in order to reduce or cancel one’s punishment for sin. The sale of indulgences by the Catholic Church to reduce time spent in purgatory was largely the impetus for the publication of Martin Luther’s ninety-five theses on October 31, 1517, traditionally the date the Reformation began.

9. Reformation Sunday
“When a coin in the coffer rings, a soul from purgatory springs.”

14. Reformation Sunday
27. They preach only human doctrines who say that as soon as the money clinks into the money chest, the soul flies out of purgatory.

15. Reformation Sunday
36. Any truly repentant Christian has a right to full remission of penalty and guilt, even without indulgence letters.

16. Reformation Sunday
45. Christians are to be taught that he who sees a needy man and passes him by, yet gives his money for indulgences, does not buy papal indulgences but God's wrath.

17. Reformation Sunday
46. Christians are to be taught that, unless they have more than they need, they must reserve enough for their family needs and by no means squander it on indulgences.

18. Reformation Sunday
47. Christians are to be taught that the buying of indulgences is a matter of free choice, not commanded.

19. Reformation Sunday
48. Christians are to be taught that the pope, in granting indulgences, needs and thus desires their devout prayer more than their money.

20. Reformation Sunday
53. They are the enemies of Christ and the pope who forbid altogether the preaching of the Word of God in some churches in order that indulgences may be preached in others.

21. Reformation Sunday
1) The means of salvation: How does a person get to heaven?
2) The seat of authority: Who has the authority to say how a person gets to heaven?

22. Reformation Sunday
1) The means of salvation: How does a person get to heaven?
2) The seat of authority: Who has the authority to say how a person gets to heaven?

23. Reformation Sunday
Roman Catholics: “You cannot be saved apart from grace.”
Reformers: “You are saved by grace alone.”

24. Reformation Sunday
sola gratia: God initiates and accomplishes salvation, so that it is entirely an act of grace (Lat., “grace alone”) and not based on human accomplishment.

25. Reformation Sunday
sola fide: Justification is by faith alone (Lat., “faith alone”) rather than by human merit or good works.

26. Reformation Sunday
solus Christus: Christ is the sole means of salvation (Lat., “Christ alone”).

27. Reformation Sunday
We are saved by grace alone through faith alone in Christ alone.

28. Ephesians 2: (NASB)
8 For by grace you have been saved through faith; and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God; 9 not as a result of works, so that no one may boast.

29. Romans 1: (NASB)
16 For I am not ashamed of the gospel, for it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, to the Jew first and also to the Greek. 17 For in it the righteousness of God is revealed from faith to faith; as it is written, “But the righteous man shall live by faith.”

30. Two Kinds of Righteousness
Reformation Sunday
Two Kinds of Righteousness
“The first type of righteousness (alien) comes through faith in Christ, as a gift to humans who have no righteousness in themselves but are plagued with evil. This first type then brings forth the second type, which is love of God and neighbor through good works.” –Jeff Bingham

31. Reformation Sunday
Roman Catholic Church: “Good works are rewarded by God with His grace.”
Luther: “God’s righteousness is a gift of grace and we respond with good works.”

32. Reformation Sunday
“We do not become righteous by doing righteous deeds, but having been made righteous, we do righteous deeds.”
–Luther

33. Reformation Sunday
62. The true treasure of the church is the most holy gospel of the glory and grace of God.
63. But this treasure is naturally most odious, for it makes the first to be last.
64. On the other hand, the treasure of indulgences is naturally most acceptable, for it makes the last to be first.

34. Reformation Sunday
65. Therefore the treasures of the gospel are nets with which one formerly fished for men of wealth.
66. The treasures of indulgences are nets with which one now fishes for the wealth of men.

35. (official public letter from a pope)
Reformation Sunday
June 15, 1520
“papal bull”
(official public letter from a pope)

36. Reformation Sunday
1) The means of salvation: How does a person get to heaven?
2) The seat of authority: Who has the authority to say how a person gets to heaven?

37. Reformation Sunday
We recognize the authority of the Scriptures above all else.

38. Reformation Sunday
sola Scriptura: Believers are to depend entirely on the Bible (Lat., “Scripture alone”) for the message of salvation and for the church’s authority, as opposed to ecclesiastical tradition or papal authority.

39. Reformation Sunday
Emperor Charles V
“Diet of Worms”

42. Reformation Sunday
“Unless I am convinced by the testimony of the Holy Scriptures or by evident reason—for I can believe neither pope nor councils alone, as it is clear that they have erred repeatedly and contradicted themselves—I consider myself convicted by the testimony of Holy Scripture, which is my basis; my conscience is captive to the Word of God. Thus I cannot and will not recant, because acting against one's conscience is neither safe nor sound. Here I stand; I can do no other. God help me.”