1. NOMINAL SENTENCES

2. Review Please keep in your mind the three minimum requirements:
The kind / number of the subject
The time / tense of the event
Nominal / Verbal
Bringing those concepts, let’s practice expressing ideas in nominal sentences

3. Practices… Mouse itu salah satu hatwer komputer
 A mouse is a computer hardware
Aku ndak mudheng je
 I am blank je...
Pak Ros sedang di Lab.
 Mr. Ros is in the Laboratory
Apakah kalian baik-baik aja?
 Are you OK?
Apa ini?
 What is it?

4. Practices… Kecelakaan tadi mengerikah dech..
 The accident was scared dech....
Para penguji bingung kasih nilai.
 The examiners were confused to give score
Tadi malam kau di rumah?
 Were you at home last night?

5. Practices… Aku akan segera ke sana  I will be there soon.
Tak kan terlambat untuk minta maaf.
 I won’t be late to apologize
Nanti malam kamu di rumah to?
 Will you be at home to night?
Apa yang akan terjadi terjadilah?
 Whatever will be will be, lah?

6. Practices… Kami dah di sini kira2 15 menitan lah
 We have been here about 15 minutes, lah
Ayam bakare belum mateng
 The baked chicken has not been well done.
Pernah ke sini sebelumnya, mas?
 Have you been here before, dab?

7. The sentences above have no verbs in the predicate, it may be:
Noun (computer)  That IS my computer
Adjectives  Its RAM was amazing
Numeral  I am the last in the queue
Adverb time/place etc  I’ll be there
Pronoun  She is mine lho…
Practically, when you have said “the subject” of your ideas and you wanna follow it with “not-verb word”, apply “to be”.
What it to be?

8. To Be
Sekarang is, am, are
Akan be
Lampau
was, were
Telah
been

9. Sekarang (Present) Subject To be Predicate He, She, It, S = 1 Is (not)
Non Verbs I
Am (not)
They, We, You, S > 1
Are (not)
Tobe
Subject
Predicate Is
He, She, It, S = 1
Non Verbs Am I
Are
They, we, you, S >1
Wh-
To Be
Subject
What, Who, When Is
Which, Why, Where Am
How…. Etc
Are

10. Apa dia milikmu?
 Is she yours?
Yang mana yang paling imut?
 Which is the cutest?
Apa itu?
 What is that?
Apa itu kamu?
 Is that ‘you’?
Apakah itu bedanya?
 Is that the difference?
Apa bedanya?
 What is the difference between you and me?

11. Lampau (Past) Subject To be Predicate He, She, It, , I , S = 1
was (not)
Non Verbs
They, We, You, S > 1
were (not)
Tobe
Subject
Predicate
Was
He, She, It, I, S = 1
Non Verbs
Were
They, we, you, S >1
Wh-
To Be
Subject
What, Who, When
Was
Which, Why, Where
How…. Etc
were

12. Akan (Future) Subject Modals To be Predicate Subject Modals To be
All Subjects
Will (akan) be
Can (dapat)
Must (harus/pasti)
May (mungkin/boleh)
Should (seharusnya)
Etc

13. Apakah bisa?
 Can it be?
Umurmu besok pagi berapa?
 How old will you be tomorrow?
Soal pasti sulit-sulit.
 The soals must be hard / difficult
Seharusnya tidak seperti itu
 It should not be like that.

14. Telah (Perfect) Subject Perfect To be Predicate He, She, It, S = 1 Has
Been
I, You, They, We, S > 1
Have
Perfect
Subject
To be
Predicate
Has
He, She, It, S = 1
Been
Have
I, You, They, We, S > 1