1. The Effects of WWII & The Rise of Two Super Powers
7th Grade Social Studies
Harold E. Winkler Middle School

2. Postwar Europe Europe in Ruins
Cities, factories, and farmland destroyed throughout Europe.
Result: Economies in ruin… food shortages, famine, disease, and unemployment.
Britain had heavy debt and continued to depend on United States.
Result: Gave independence
to India in 1947, because they could not afford the colony anymore.
Europe in Ruins

3. Non-violent Protestor Indian Mahatma Gandhi
India’s Independence 1947
Non-violent Protestor Indian Mahatma Gandhi

4. Nuremburg Trials
Military trials that began in November, 1945 in Nuremburg, Germany
The first series of trials focused on 23 high ranking Nazi officials
The charges included:
1. Crimes against peace
2. Waging wars of aggression
3. Crimes against humanity

5. The State of Israel The Creation of Israel
After WWII, British controlled Palestine was given to the Jews to establish a safe haven and homeland.
This nation is known as Israel and is considered the “Holy Land” for both the Jews and the Palestinians.
Conflict still exists today as a result of Jewish occupation of former Palestinian land.

6. World Map

7. Middle East Map

8. Palestine/Israel

9. The Yalta Conference 1945
The Big Three meet in Soviet Union after V-E Day.
Soviets agree to help U.S. fight Japan.
In return, Soviets would receive land in Asia (from Russo-Japanese War).
Germany will be divided into 4 zones of occupation.
The new United Nations is formally established.

10. The Occupation of Germany
Berlin, Germany

11. The United Nations

12. U.S.-Soviet Distrust WHY??
Soviets felt the U.S. did not recognize their Communist government.
Stalin resented the Allies delaying their attack on Germany during World War II.
Tensions began to arise over the democratic v. communist ideologies.
In Response:
The United States and allies = The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
The Soviet Union and allies = Warsaw Pact

13. The Iron Curtain
The Soviet Union begins influencing other countries in Europe to become Communist.
British Prime Minister Winston Churchill refers to the divide between democracy and communist countries in Europe as the ‘Iron Curtain’.
U.S. announces a new foreign policy called “containment” to stop spread of communism.

14. NATO v. WARSAW PACT

15. Soviet Union “Satellite Nations”
Albania
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Hungary
Romania
Poland

16. The Truman Doctrine
President Harry S. Truman’s plan of containment of Communism around the world.
Through the Truman Doctrine, money was sent to countries to rebuild their infrastructure and governments.
Money sent to countries fighting off Communism was through an act called the Marshall Plan.

21. Post War Effects in Asia
Many Asian colonies were seeking independence after WWII, such as India and Vietnam.
U.S. dropping the atomic bomb devastated Japan… the U.S. will help them rebuild their cities, factories, and governments.
Result: Japan models industrialization after U.S.
7 Japanese leaders, including General Tojo, were sentenced to death after World War II. Emperor Hirohito was the only one left…