1. Phonics

2. What is Phonics?
Phonics is a way of teaching children to read quickly and skilfully. They are taught how to:
recognise the sounds that each individual letter makes;
identify the sounds that different combinations of letters make - such as ‘sh’ or ‘oo’; and
blend these sounds together from left to right to make a word.
Children can then use this knowledge to ‘de-code’ new words that they hear or see. This is the first important step in learning to read.

3. How many phonemes can you hear in
A Phoneme
This is the
smallest unit of
sound in a word.
If your tongue has
to move, it’s a new
phoneme.
How many phonemes can you hear in
cat?

4. These are the letters that represent the phoneme.
A grapheme
These are the letters that represent the phoneme.
The grapheme could be 1 letter, 2 letters or more! Sometimes we put sound buttons under the graphemes to make it clear
car dog

5. b r i ck c a t l
igh t sh oe b ea n s

6. Articulation of Phonemes Phase 2 video Aticluation of phonemes

7. Letters & Sounds Phase 1 The 7 aspects of phase 1:
General sound discrimination- environmental sounds
General sound discrimination- instrumental sounds
General sound discrimination- body percussion
Voice sounds
Rhythm and rhyme
Alliteration
Oral blending and segmenting.

8. Rhythm and Rhyme
Join in with repeated refrains from books, adopting the rhythm – Run Run as fast as you can, you can’t catch me I’m the Gingerbread Man.
Singing rhymes and filling in the missing rhyming word and making new ones up.
Listening to different rhythms being clapped – What is it? Can they join in? Can they distinguish between different instructions
Sit Down Stand up straight
Clap Clap (slow) Clap, Clap, clap (fast)
Clapping Syllables
Hearing and creating rhyming words.
‘Knocking’ conversations

9. Alliteration Copying sounds – mmm, sh, p
(The occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of
adjacent or closely connected words)
Copying sounds – mmm, sh, p
Hearing initial sounds – being careful not to say ‘clusters’ ie: ’sp’ for spoon.
Sorting objects by initial sound and generating their own.
Hearing the odd one out – sock, star, hat?
Making up Silly names.

10. Oral blending and Segmenting
Oral blending Hearing the phonemes and being able to merge them together to make a word.

11. Let’s try it out!
George’s Gym

12. Oral segmenting (the opposite of Blending)
This is the act of hearing a whole word and then splitting it up into the phonemes that make it.

13. Sound Talk Your Object

14. Phase 2 and 3

15. Phase 2 Letter sets Set 1 - s, a, t, p, Set 2 - i, n, m, d,
Set 3 - g, o, c, k,
Set 4 - ck, e, u, r,
Set 5 - h, b, f, ff, l, ll, ss,

16. Phase 3 Set 6 - j, v, w, x Set 7 - y, z, zz, qu
Diagraphs (A grapheme containing two letters that makes just one sound (phoneme).
ch, sh, th, ng
Diagraphs and trigraphs ( a grapheme which contains 2 or 3 letters that make one sound)
ear, air, ure, er, ar, or, ur, ow, oi, ai, ee, igh, oa, oo

17. Handy tips…..if in doubt
Refer to your phonics grid for correct pronunciation.

18. Blending for reading What is it?
Blending for reading is a combination of letter recognition and oral blending.
This means combining the sounds to make the whole word. Firstly we look at the individual sounds. For example Sit /s/ /i/ /t/, Then you say the individual sounds one after another, getting faster and faster. If the letters are blended quickly, the child will hear the whole word.
We introduce this concept by using sound buttons.
Letters and sounds Video

19. Tricky words
Words that cannot be sounded out phonetically. They have to be remembered or known as ‘sight’ words.
Phase2- the, to, me, no, go, I
Phase 3- me, he, she, we, be, you, are, her, was, all, they, my.

20. Blending bags

21. Activities you will see in our phonics lessons…….
Pick a word and match to the correct picture/object. Either as an IWB game or stand up, sit down.
Show Letters and Sounds phase 3 video.

22. Buried treasure

23. Pass the parcel
All of you have a box on your table, when the music stops whoever is holding the box will pick a word from the box to read. (Only to their table)

24. Reading books
We introduce the Songbird books before the Oxford Reading Tree ones.
How we read them…..
Blend the word, say the word, blend the next word, say the word, go back to the start of the sentence and say first word and second word.
When they have a book please work with them on this 3-5 times. If the book is lengthy they don’t have to do the entire thing in one sitting!

25. Things you can do at home to support your child with reading:
When your child has a blending bag ensure that you work on it a few times a week with them and for a short period of time.
Use Tapestry to show us what you have been doing. We will be updating you with the things we have been doing in our phonics sessions.
Play games that involve blending for reading.

26. Our favourite games to try at home…..

29. Reading Comprehension

30. Writing Letter formation How we write a word Phoneme frames Activity
Tricky words
How to write a caption
Early Learning Goal

31. Letter Formation Mnemonics support memory
Use of capital letters and lower case
Numbers – handout
Phonemes & Graphemes

34. How we write a word It’s the opposite of blending for reading.
Segmenting for spelling – it sounds trickier than it is!
It’s the opposite of blending for reading.
We use our robot arms to chop up words.
E.g: 2 letter words…is..at
3 letter/phoneme (cvc) word: pin, cat.

35. Phoneme Frames E.g: p-i-n
Each box represents each phoneme (sound) that we hear.
Digraphs and trigraphs
How many phonemes (sounds) can you hear in the word think?

36. Your Turn 1 2 3 4 5

37. Answers

38. Example of child’s work – phonetically plausible.

39. How we write captions and sentences
Example:
Look, say, repeat, clap etc before writing.

42. Early Learning Goal
ELG: Children use their phonic knowledge to write words in ways which match their spoken sounds. They also write some irregular common words. They write simple sentences which can be read by themselves and others. Some words are spelt correctly and others are phonetically plausible.