1. May 12, 2014 Aim: How did the Cold War lead to global conflict
May 12, 2014 Aim: How did the Cold War lead to global conflict? Do now: Write down inferences based on the pictures. Inference – an educated guess
Korean War

2. Proxy Wars
Proxy war – third parties fight on behalf of more powerful parties.
The U.S. and the Soviet Union did not want to fight each other directly.
Korean War, Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam War

3. China Falls to Communism, 1949
U.S. and President Harry Truman were blamed
Domino Theory: if one land in a region came under the influence of Communists, then more would follow in a domino

4. North Korea (Communist)
Korean War ( )
1950 – North Korea invaded South Korea
President Truman sent U.S. forces to South Korea to resist the invasion.
Kim Il-Sung
North Korea (Communist)
Syngman Rhee
South Korea
(Non-Communist)

5. “Seesaw in Korea”

6. The Truman-MacArthur Controversy
General Douglas MacArthur urged President Truman to invade China and overthrow the Communist government there.
Truman dismissed MacArthur and successfully asserted civilian control over the military.

7. The War Ends
1952: Dwight Eisenhower, former Allied commander on D-Day, was elected President.
“Ike” pledged to end the war.
An armistice was signed in 1953.
Korea’s borders set at the 38th Parallel.
Korea’s Borders before the war
Korea’s Borders after the war

8. Legacy of the War
Today, Korea remains divided into two separate countries – North Korea and South Korea.
On May 10, 2014, North Korea renewed a threat to conduct a test of its nuclear missiles.
The country is heavily sanctioned by the U.N.

10. Fidel Castro – Cuban victory parade
1959: Fidel Castro ousts Cuban President Batista.
Becomes a Soviet satellite.
1961: U.S. places embargo on Cuba.
Ernesto “Che” Guevara – Leader of the Cuban Revolution
Fidel Castro – Cuban victory parade

11. Cuba – Bay of Pigs CIA/Eisenhower.
Cuban rebels, supported by U.S. would overthrow Castro.
JFK does NOT support rebels (disaster.)
Impact: Cuban distrust of U.S.

12. Cuban Missile Crisis October 1962.
Soviets install nuclear missiles in Cuba – pointed at U.S.

13. Cuban Missile Crisis, cont’d
JFK places Cuba in “quarantine.”
Soviets dismantle missiles.
U.S. removes missiles in Turkey, promises not to invade Cuba.

14. Impact of the Cuban Missile Crisis
Closest U.S. & U.S.S.R. ever get to nuclear war.
“Hot Line” made between U.S. & U.S.S.R.
Start of détente (cooling-down period)