1. VIGNESH POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

2. HIGHWAY FAILURE AND THE MAINTANCE
PRESENTED BY
M.FAIZAL R.PRAKASH

3. Contents INTRODUCTION HIGHWAY FAILURE FAILURE OF FLEXIABLE PAVEMENT
FAILURE OF SUB BASE OR BASE COURSE
FAILURE OF BITUMINOUS WEARING COURSE
TYPICAL FAILURE OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS
TYPICAL FAILURE OF RIGID PAVEMENTS
MAINTANCE OF HIGHWAY
TYPES OF MAINTANCE
PAVEMENT REPAIR
MAINTANCE OF BITUMINOUS SURFACE
CRACK SEALING
WAVES AND CORRUGATIONS
SHOULDER MAINTANCE
CONCLUSION

4. INTRODUCTION
Highway engineering is an engineering discipline branching from civil engineering that involves the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of roads, bridges, and tunnels to ensure safe and effective transportation of people and goods Highway engineering became prominent towards the latter half of the 20th Century after World War 2.
Standards of highway engineering are continuously being improved.
Highway engineers must take into account future traffic flows, design of highway intersections/interchanges, geometric alignment and design, highway pavement materials and design, structural design of pavement thickness, and pavement maintenance.

5. HIGHWAY WAY FAILURE FAILURE OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT
FAILURE DUE TO BASE COURSE
FAILURE DUE TO SUBGRADE SOIL
FAILURE DUE TO WEARING COURSE

6. FAILURE OF SUB BASE OR BASE COURSE
INDEQUATE STRENGTH OR STABILITY
LOSS OF COHESION OR BINDING ACTION
LOSS OF MATERIAL
CRUSHING OF BASE COURSE
USE OF IMPROPER OR INFREIOR MATERIAL

7. FAIURE OF BITUMINOUS WEARING COURSE
IMPROPER MIX DESIGN
INADEQUATE BINDER MATERIAL
INFERIOR QUALITY OF BINDER MATERIAL
POOR QUALITY CONTROL DURING CONSTRUCTION
OXIDATIONS OF BITUMINOUS BINDERS

8. TYPICAL FAILURE OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS
MAP OR ALLIGATER CRACKING
SHEAR FAILURE
FROST HEAVING
LONGITUDINAL CRACKING
FORMATIONS OF WAVESAND CORRUGATIONS

9. TYPICAL FAILURE OF RIGID PAVEMENTS
SCALLING OF CEMENT CONCRETE
DEVELEPMENT OF SHRINGAGE CRACKS IM CONCRETE
DEVELOPMENT OF WRAPING CRACKS
STRUCTURAL CRACKS
SPAILING OF JOINTS
MUD PUMPING

10. MAINTANCE OF HIGHWAY TYPES OF MAINTANCE PERIODIC MAINTANCE a. summer
b.winter
SPECIAL REPAIRS
RESURFACING

11. Pavement repairs SURFACE MUST BE IN SAFE CONDTION SPEED LIMIT
REGULAR INSPECTIONS
BEAK AREAS MUST BE COMPLETED AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE
SCR FOR EVERY TO YEARS

12. MAINTANCE OF BITUMINOUS SURFACE
PATCH REPAIRS
POT HOLES AND THEIR REPAIRS
SURFACE TREATMENT
RESUFACING
PAINT AND PENETRATION PATCHING

13. CRACK SEALING PAVEMENT PRESERVATION ACTIVITY
PREVENT MOISTURE FROM BASE
PREVENTS MATERIAL SPALLING FROM THE EDGES FROM THE CRACKS
PRESERVE SERVICE LIFE OF THE PAVEMENT

14. WAVES AND CORRUGATIONS
DEFECTIVE ROLLING
POOR SUBGRADE
INADEQUATE SURFACE COURSE
POOR GRADATION OR POOR MIX
COMPACTOIN TEMPERATURE
WEAK OR UNSTABLE UNDERLAYING LAYERS

15. SHOULDER MAINTANCE
SHOULDERS MUST BE MOVED AND OCCASIONALLY BLADED DOWN TO THE LEVEL OF THE ROAD
SHOULDERS PROTECTED BY BITUMINOUS BLANKETS
DEVELOPMENT OF DEEP RUTS,HOLES AND SLIPPERY SURFACE OF SHOULDER
DEVELOPMENT OF CUTS AND GULLIES

16. CONCLUSION
Due to highway failures so many accidents ,traffic congestion, transport problems,common problems, and so on. These are occurred because of not properly maintaining the highway, so, they have to maintain to avoid these problems. “maintance is needed for highways protection’’