1. GEOGRAPHY
THE PLACE WHERE
HISTORY HAPPENS

2. Globe-a scale model of the Earth.
Globes show the actual shapes, sizes, and locations of all Earth’s landmasses and bodies of water.

3. How would you transfer a globe to a flat piece of paper?
ACTIVITY:
How would you
transfer a globe
to a flat
piece of paper?
THINK
ABOUT
IT…..

4. * A GLOBE IS THE ONLY ACCURATE REPRESENTATION OF THE EARTH.

5. 1. A map is a drawing that shows regions of the Earth on flat surfaces.
1. What is a map?

6. 2. It is the way cartographers transfer the curved surface of the earth onto a flat map.
2. What is a map projection?

7. 3. What are the four main properties of a map?
3. The 4 properties are:
area
distance
direction
shape
(ADDS!)
3. What are the four main properties of a map?

8. * ALL TYPES OF PROJECTIONS AND COMBINATIONS OF PROJECTIONS HAVE DISTORTIONS. NONE OF THEM SHOW ALL FOUR PROPERTIES ACCURATELY AT THE SAME TIME!!!

9. PROJECTIONS *Mercator Projection *Robinson Projection
accurately shows shape and direction but distorts distance and size; ship’s navigators use it to chart a straight line course between two ports.
*Mercator Projection
*Robinson
Projection
Compromise between Mercator and equal-area; gives a useful overall picture of the world; accurately shows size and shape of most continents and oceans but distorts size of polar regions.

10. How to Use a Map *Compass Rose *Key *Scale Bar
This shows direction; letters N, S, E, W are displayed.
*Compass Rose
*Key
*Scale Bar
Shows symbols and colors used on map and what each one means.
Helps you find actual distance between points; most show miles and kilometers.

11. Political and Physical Maps
Political Maps
Physical Maps
Show political borders; countries, continents and divisions within countries.
Represent what a region looks like
by showing its major physical features
Such as hills and plains; also shows elevation.

12. Special Purpose Maps Climate Four types of Special Purpose Language
Human Migration
World Land
Use
Four types of
Special Purpose
Maps

13. 1. What are parallels?
1. Parallels are horizontal lines that run from east to west. The Equator is O degrees latitude.

14. 2. What are meridians?
2. Meridians are vertical lines that run from north to south. The Prime Meridian is O degrees longitude.

15. 3.

16. 4. The Prime Meridian and the Equator divide the world
into 4 hemispheres.

20. 5.
In which two
hemispheres
do you live?

21. Parallels vs Meridians6.
Parallels vs Meridians
Parallels show us the LATITUDE of a location
Meridians show us the LONGITUDE of a location

22. LATITUDE vs LONGITUDE 7.
LATITUDE measures distance NORTH and SOUTH of the EQUATOR
Longitude measures distance EAST and WEST of the Prime Meridian

23. Citing Latitude & Longitude8.
Citing Latitude & Longitude
Latitude ALWAYS comes before Longitude (Latitude comes first alphabetically too!)
Example: Cairo, Egypt is found at 30°N Latitude, 30°E Longitude
(It is 30°N of the Equator and 30°E of the Prime Meridian)

24. Finding LONGITUDE 10. 1)Use the MERIDIANS to find LONGITUDE.
2)Trace a vertical line from the target city to the top or bottom of the map.
3)Identify the meridians closest to your city and estimate its LONGITUDE. 4)Decide if it lies EAST or WEST of the Prime Meridian.